a. Process of water percolating through the soil and into fractures and permeabl

Question

a. Process of water percolating through the soil and into fractures and permeable rocks b. The length of time water typically spends in a compartment. C. Occurs when human and ecosystem needs exceed the renewable water supplies, resulting in competition d. Can occur along coastlines where overuse of freshwater reservoirs draws the water table low enough to allow saltwater to intrude e. Area where water infiltrates into an aquifer f. Water evaporates from moist surfaces, falls as rain or snow, passes through living organisms, and returns to the oceans g. Loss of water due to evaporation, absorption, or contamination h. Porous layers of sand, gravel, or rock lying below the water table I. Total amount of water removed from a water body j. Cool, dry air descends from the mountaintop down the other side of the mountain (leeward side) creating dry areas with very little precipitation

Explanation / Answer

1. Hydrological cycle – f. Water evaporates from moist surfaces, falls as rain or snow, passes through living organisms, and returns to the oceans.

2. Rain Shadow – j. Cool, dry air descends from the mountaintop downward the other side of the mountain (leeward side) creating dry areas with very little precipitation.

Reason: A dry area on the downwind side of a mountain.

3. Residence time – Porous layers of sand, gravel, or rock lying below the water table.

4. Infiltration – a. Process of water percolating through the soil and into fractures and permeable rocks.

Reason: Intrusion is the process by which water on the ground surface enters into the soil.

5. Aquifers – b. The length of time water typically spends in a compartment.

Reason: Water in subsurface where it is flexible for staying in the rock known as aquifers, which can be extracted using the water well for daily need. Water always accumulated porous and permeable rocks.

6. Recharge zone – e. Area where water infiltrates into an aquifer.

Reason: Areas where surface water filer into an aquifer.

7. Water Stress – c. Occurs when human and ecosystem needs exceed the renewable water supplies, resulting in competition.

Reason: Where water consumption exceeds more by >20% the available, renewable water supply.

8. Withdrawal – i. Total amount of water removed from a water body.

Example: Agriculture, industry and household use.

9. Consumption – g. loss of water due to evaporation, absorption, or contamination.

Reason: Consumption = Water intake – Water discharge

10. Saltwater intrusion – d. Can occur along the coastlines where overuse of freshwater reservoirs draws the water table low enough to allow saltwater to intrude.

Reason: Seawater intrusion commonly found at coastal aquifers, here saltwater induced flow into freshwater aquifers.

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