What makes pectin specific among the cell wall components? What determines the d

Question

What makes pectin specific among the cell wall components?

What determines the direction of cellulose depositions?

What is different between cellulose and Pectin/hemicellulose with regard to their assembly and deposition in the cell wall.?

Is the cell wall made entirely out of sugars?

What is expansin and how does it work?

What is lignin?

What are the three major signaling systems that regulate responses from the sunlight?

Why is green light not a good signal?

How does blue light affect growth? Be specific.

How is shade avoidance regulated? Be specific.

Explanation / Answer

1. Pectin consists of a complex set of a polysaccharides that are present in most primary cell walls. Pectin is major component of middle lamella, where it helps to bind cells together. Pectin is an important cell wall polysaccharide that allows primary cell wall extension and plant growth.

2. Cellulose microfibril orientation controls whether cells expand or elongate and determines the plane of elongation. If the orientation of cellulose microfibril is relatively random (isotropic) within the successive lamellae present in the primary cell wall, the cell would expand equally in all directions to generate a sphere (cell expansion). However, the orientation of cellulose microfibrils is anisotropic (non random) in most plant cell walls thus, resulting in variable expansion in different directions (cell elongation). The microfibril strengthening elements of a typical primary cell wall align in a transverse or helical orientation to the axis of elongation, rendering cell wall structurally and mechanically anisotropic.

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