Pertussis toxin is produced by Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium that causes w

Question

Pertussis toxin is produced by Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium that causes whooping cough. Pertussis toxin catalyzes the addition of ADP-ribose (structure below) to Ga, which prevents Go from binding to GPCRs thus 'locking' it in the GDP-bound state How would this affect liver cell responses to epinephrine? Which of the following most closely approximated a second messenger? An odorant receptor on the surface of a mouse olfactory epithelium cell that undergoes a conformational change upon binding of metabolites (breakdown products) of thyroid hormones, activating an intracellular G-protein. the enzyme cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, which is activated when photons the light "receptor" rhodopsin in rod photoreceptors (as in rods and cones of the retina). Na^+ ions, which flow into a muscle cell in response to binding of acetylcholine to its receptor, which leads to Ca^++ release from internal stores. the neurotransmitter secreted by a neuron in response to an electrical impulse traveling down its axon when it is stimulated by another neuron. A mutation that causes a decrease in the GT Paseo activity of G-alpha in liver cells would have the effect of:

Explanation / Answer

6.The correct answer is:It would decrease glucose production.

Toxin binding inhbits adenylyl cyclase activity and breakdown of glycogen is inhibited,So there is decreased glucose production.

7.The correct answer is:Na+ ions which flow into a muscle cell is response to binding od acetyl choline to its receptor which leads to Ca++ releases from internal stores.

Reason: The above option closely approximates to secondary messengers.

8.The correct answer is: All of the above.

Reason: In absence of GTPase activity, there will be continuous production of cAMP leading to increased Protein kinase A that phosphorylates glycogen phosphorylase more which will catalyse more glucose production from glycogen.

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