chapter 8,9,10 Reproduction and Inheritance 1. Summarize the purpose of cellular
ID: 167230 • Letter: C
Question
chapter 8,9,10
Reproduction and Inheritance
1. Summarize the purpose of cellular reproduction.
2. Summarize the activities that occur in the cell during each stage of the cell cycle.
3. Describe the phases of mitosis and the process of cytokinesis.
4. Summarize the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle.
5. Describe the characteristics of cancer cells.
6. Illustrate the human life cycle and describe the role of meiosis in this process.
7. Describe the processes of synapsis and crossing-over, and explain when these processes occur during meiosis.
8. List the phases of meiosis and briefly explain what events occur during each phase.
9. Contrast the events of meiosis I and meiosis II with the events of mitosis.
10.Define nondisjunction and briefly explain how nondisjunction may bring about an abnormal chromosome number.
11.Explain Mendel’s laws of inheritance: Segregation and Independent assortment.
12.Distinguish between genotype and phenotype, dominant and reccessive.
13.Recognize and explain the relationship between Mendel’s laws
Explanation / Answer
Purpose of cellular Reproduction: Cellular Reproduction most important to the life because if body didn’t have cells that could reproduce, we would all be dead.
2) Summary of activities that occur during cell cycle:
The cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in cell and leads to divide the cell.
In eukaryotic cells, the stages of the cell cycle are divided into the two major phases: interphase and the mitotic (M) phase.
3) Phases of mitosis and process of cytokinesis:
Prophase: The chromatin fibres shorten into chromosomes. Later, the nucleolus disappears, then nuclear envelope breaks down, and two centrosomes begin to form mitotic spindle. Than microtubules extend in length between centrosomes and then centrosomes are pushed to opposite "poles" of the cell. Eventually, spindle extends between the two opposite poles of cell.
Metaphase: here there is formation of metaphase plate. This is a mid-point region within the cell that is formed/defined by the centromeres of the chromatid pairs aligning along with the microtubules at the centre of miotic spindle.
Anaphase: The chromosomes are pulled by microtubules during anaphase, they appear to be "V"-shaped because centromeres lead the way, dragging the arms of the chromosomes towards the pole/s.
Telophase: Begins after the chromosomal movement stops. New nuclear envelope forms around each chromatin mass, Nucleoli appear, lastly miotic spindle breaks-up.
Cytokinesis: It is the process by which the cytoplasm of the original cell forms two new ("daughter") cells around the two new ("daughter") nuclei formed by process of mitosis (or meiosis - cytokinesis being a part of both types of processes of cell division).
In the case of animal - rather than the plant - cells, a cleavage furrow forms around cell's equator then constricts as a ring until it cuts completely through cell.
.
Prophase: The chromatin fibres shorten into chromosomes. Later, the nucleolus disappears, then nuclear envelope breaks down, and two centrosomes begin to form mitotic spindle. Than microtubules extend in length between centrosomes and then centrosomes are pushed to opposite "poles" of the cell. Eventually, spindle extends between the two opposite poles of cell.
Metaphase: here there is formation of metaphase plate. This is a mid-point region within the cell that is formed/defined by the centromeres of the chromatid pairs aligning along with the microtubules at the centre of miotic spindle.
Anaphase: The chromosomes are pulled by microtubules during anaphase, they appear to be "V"-shaped because centromeres lead the way, dragging the arms of the chromosomes towards the pole/s.
Telophase: Begins after the chromosomal movement stops. New nuclear envelope forms around each chromatin mass, Nucleoli appear, lastly miotic spindle breaks-up.
Cytokinesis: It is the process by which the cytoplasm of the original cell forms two new ("daughter") cells around the two new ("daughter") nuclei formed by process of mitosis (or meiosis - cytokinesis being a part of both types of processes of cell division).
In the case of animal - rather than the plant - cells, a cleavage furrow forms around cell's equator then constricts as a ring until it cuts completely through cell.
.
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