A patient\'s mean arterial pressure is 100 and his systolic is 140 mm Hg. Theref

Question

A patient's mean arterial pressure is 100 and his systolic is 140 mm Hg. Therefore his pulse pressure is _____ and his diastolic pressure is _____ mm Hg (use numbers). The primary determinants of MAP do NOT include: a. heart rate times stroke volume b. diameter of arterioles c. blood volume d. diameter of the veins e. all are determinants of MAP Peripheral resistance decreases if _____ is applied. Choose all correct. a. Norepinephrine on alpha receptors b. Epinephrine on beta 2 receptors c. Angiotensin II d. Nitric oxide The baroreceptors are located in the walls of the (choose all correct) a. Aorta b. Heart c. Pulmonary arteries d. Carotid arteries

Explanation / Answer

4. Ans: Mean arterial pressure = systolic blood pressure + 2 (diastolic blood pressure)/ 3

100 = 140 + 2 (diastolic blood pressure)/3

2 (diastolic blood pressure) = 300 - 140 = 160

diastolic blood pressure = 160/2 = 80

Pulse pressure = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure

= 140 - 80 = 60

6. Ans. Option b and c are correct. Norepinephrine stimulate alpha1 receptors producing an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. At low doses, epinephrine can selectively stimulate beta2 receptors producing muscle relaxation and a decrease in peripheral resistance. nitric oxide is a vasodilator hence decreases peripheral resistance. Angiotensin II  is powerful vasoconstrictors hence increases peripheral resistance.

7. Ans: All the options are correct. baroreceptors are found in the walls of aorta, carotid arteries, pulmonery vessels and the wall of heart also.

5. Ans. The option e is correct. Mean arterial pressure depends upon cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. cardiac output is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, While peripheral resistance is the sum of all the blood vessels in systemic circulation. Hence heart rate, stroke volume, diameters of arterioles and veins, and blood volume, all are the determinants of MAP.

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