Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the effect of wate

Question

Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the effect of water on slope stability as well as to give an introduction to the basics of effective stress. Major structural disasters can occur if the geotechnical engineer does not understand the importance of water pressure. A simple representation of a slope has the following load considerations in place Figure 6: Acting forces on block on inclined surface Where Forces are equal to Weight (blue) mg Normal (green) . W Cos() = Tangential (orange). W Sin() Friction (red) = A (with A being the area, see Fig. 6) Recall from statics lectures that objects in equilibrium will not move. The same principal applies with soils and slopes, as long as the forces that resist the movement are equal to the forces that are acting on the soil the slope will remain stable. This stabilizing force is the shear strength coefficient which is usually expressed as where c = cohesion or stickiness of the soil o'-effective stress which equals total stress minus the water pressure or -u And = friction angle of the soil In order for equilibrium to be maintained the shear force must be equal to the driving force acing parallel to the inclined surface shown in the simplified equation below that doesn't take into account the effects of cohesion and is also neglecting the existence of water pressure (u = 0 and '= ) wcos tan =wsin

Explanation / Answer

(1). As seen from the equation above the weight can be cancelled therefore the weight has no effect on sliding test. However , the inclined angle if increased will have a effect on sliding , higher the angle more swiftly it will slide.

(2). When the water seeps through the hole in the cylinder it will make the surface less rough or in other words it will make the surface smooth as a result the friction between the cylinder and surface will decrease which will cause slipping of cylinder.

(3). If the hole in the bottom of the cylinder is increased , which means the Area of hole is increased then the pressure will be decreased , As pressure is inversely proportional to area.

Pressure =Force/ Area.

If Area increases then Pressure decreases

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