Question XIV. Consider each numbered statement (177-189) as a completely indepen

Question

Question XIV. Consider each numbered statement (177-189) as a completely independent assertion. Using your current knowledge and basic rules of formal and informal logic, please, assess the following statements as factually correct (true) or incorrect (false):

177. Antigen-specific immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases would be much better (in comparison with immunosuppressive drugs) because it would target only the autoreactive cells.

178. Antigen-specific immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases would be much better (in comparison with immunosuppressive drugs) because it would not induce general suppression of the immune system.

179. Antigen-specific immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases would be much better (in comparison with immunosuppressive drugs) because it would produce a general reduction in inflammation.

180. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance do not include apoptosis.

181. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance include necrosis.
182. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance include complement activation.
183. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance include clonal deletion.
184. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance include positive selection.
185. The mechanisms employed by central tolerance include negative selection.
186. Receptor editing is used during negative selection of B and T cells.
187. Receptor editing is used during positive selection of B and T cells.
188. Receptor editing is used during positive selection of T cells and negative selection of B cells.

189. Receptor editing is not used during positive selection of B cells and negative selection of T cells.

Explanation / Answer

177. True. Antigen specific immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases target only the autoreactive clones responsible for autoimmunity. They do not involve generaly suppression of the immune system. General suppression of the immune system leads to undesired side effects and weakens the immune system. The person may become prey to several infections, including opportunistic pathogens.

178. True. General suppression of the immune system leads to undesired side effects and weakens the immune system. The person may become prey to several infections, including opportunistic pathogens.

179. True.

180. False. Central tolerance includes elimination of potentially self reactive clones through apoptosis. The reactive cells are given signals for apoptosis.

181. False. Necrosis is never a mechanism seen in central tolerance.

182. False. Central tolerance does not include complement.

183. True.

184. True. Positive selection ensures that the T-cells bind to antigen only in context with MHC.

185. True. The process of negative selection ensures self-reactive clones are eliminated.

186. True. Receptor editing occurs during maturation of B and T cell receptors. In order to rescue self-reacting clones, the receptor specificity is altered and tested again.

187. False.

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