What is the mechanism by which small, benign neoplasms arising from endocrine or

Question

What is the mechanism by which small, benign neoplasms arising from endocrine organs produce deleterious affects on the patient? Name the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla. How are they classified? Explain the role of the adrenal medulla in the "fight-or-flight" response. What is a pheochromocytoma? Do they occur at anatomic sites other than the adrenal gland? List the most common symptoms associated with pheochromocytomas. Explain the mechanism which underlies the cardiovascular affects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in terms of the distribution of adrenergic receptor types. Why are patients with a pheochromocytoma often hyperglycemic? Why would a patient with a pheochromocytoma sweat excessively, have facial pallor, and be constipated? Describe the methods used to diagnose a pheochromocytoma. How are pheochromocytomas usually treated?

Explanation / Answer

1. Benign Neoplasms arising from the Endocrine are functional adenomas, The Hormones secreted by these neoplasm cells are Inappropriate and Excessive. This abnormal function of neoplasm cells results in physiologic effects produced by excess blood & tissue levels of the hormone secreted.

2. epinephrin & nor-epinephrin are secreted by Adrenal medulla.

3. It increases the Heart rate, breathing rate,blood flow & blood glucose to combat short-term stress.

4.Pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor of the medulla of the adrenal glands, they also occur in the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system.

5.Symptoms :- A headache, skin sensations,Anxiety,weight loss, Elevated Heart rate & Elevated Blood pressure.

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