What are the maternal RNA’s, GAP genes, segment polarity genes, pair rule genes

Question

What are the maternal RNA’s, GAP genes, segment polarity genes, pair rule genes and homeotic genes?

What are the homeoboxes and homeotic genes.

What type of proteins do these gene encode.

What is a homeotic mutations.

Illustrate the linear arrangement of genes that control the animal body plan.

Make a diagram that shows how maternal RNA, GAP genes, pair rule genes, segment polarity genes, and homeotic genes establish the Drosophilla body plan.

What are the homeoboxes and homeotic genes.

What type of proteins do these gene encode.

Illustrate the linear arrangement of genes that control the animal body plan.

What is a homeotic mutation?

Illustrate the structure and function of Homeotic gene clusters.

Explanation / Answer

1).

Maternal mRNA: In case of mammals, fish, drosophila and C. elegans, the the zygote receive the nutrition from the eggs, which support by supplying all the nutrients and also the mRNA. Means, apart from the haploid set of chromosomes that we inherit from the mother, the mRNAs are also utilized during the developmental process. These mRNA derived from the mother are known as “maternal mRNAs.”

Some arthropods contain GAP genes that are involved in the developmental process of segmented embryos. Mutation in these genes causes loss of body segments, indicating “gap” in the regular body plan.

Segmentation genes: Involved in the determination of number of body segments and their polarity.

Pair rule genes: Establishes the regions segments

Homeotic genes: Gives identity of each segment.

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