What features (arrangements of atoms, function groups, etc.) would you look for

Question

What features (arrangements of atoms, function groups, etc.) would you look for to recognize chemical structure of the following types of biomolecules: an amino acid that is used as a building block of proteins a fatty acid a carbohydrate ATP A unicellular organism from Mars was found to have an intracellular pH that is 1 pH unit BELOW what we call "physiologic pH" on Earth. The intracellular concentration of the PREDOMINANT phosphate species was found to be 0.07 M. Given that the pKa's of phosphoric acid are 2, 7, and 12. What was the predominant species of phosphate intracellularly (give chemical formula)? What is the OTHER less predominant species of phosphate? (give chemical formula) What is the concentration of the OTHER less predominant phosphate species?

Explanation / Answer

a) an amino and carboxylic group for recognizing amino acids

b) Fatty acids are recognized by the presence of an aliphatic chain which could be saturated or unsaturated and carboxylic group.

c) Carbohydrates or organic molecules consisting of C, H and O. The ratio of H and O is normally 2:1. They contain hydroxyl, aldehyde of keto functional groups.

d) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate), as the name suggests, is characterized by the presence of 3 phosphate groups and a nucleotide, adenosine (pyranose ring i.e. ribose, and a purine i.e. adenine)

As the physiological pH is approx. 6.4, a pH near neutrality or very weakly acidic, is H2PO42- (pKa 7).

For numerical see the image uploaded to the server.

Thanks

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