What evidence is there for the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochon
ID: 99548 • Letter: W
Question
What evidence is there for the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria? Select all that apply Prokaryote-like genes are found in the nucleus of eukaryotes which appear to have moved from the ancestral engulfed prokaryote into the eukaryote's genome. The structure of DNA in chloroplasts and mitochondria is circular and without centromeres and telomeres. Extra membranes around chloroplasts and mitochondria seem to have persisted from, the original engulfing event. There is no scientific evidence of endosymbiosis.Explanation / Answer
The answer is first 3 options.
Endosymbiotic concept was put forward by Lynn Margulis to explain the origin of mitochondria and chloroplast. According to this, mitochondria and chloroplast were aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes respectively.They happened to enter the eukaryotic cell and began mutually beneficial association with the cell.
Many genes from mitochondria and chloroplast have entered the nuclear genome during endosymbiotic gene transfer. Most of the mitochondrial chloroplast proteins are synthesised using the host genes.
The structure of DNA in chloroplast and mitochondria is ciircular, without histins, introns, centromere, and telomere.
The stucture of the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplast is similar to prokaryotic membranes. The outer membrane of these organelles are similar to that of the membranes of other eukaryotic organelles.
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