What evidence is needed to establish a casual relationship? a) consistency of or

Question

What evidence is needed to establish a casual relationship?

a) consistency of orders of magnitude; the average level of cause should be similar to the average level of the effect

b) time order: the cause should happen before and at the same time as the effect

c) elimination of all confounding factors (all the other factors that affect the effect) as the reason for the correlation between casue and effect

d) consistent variation: the cause should be correlated with the effect

e) time mismatch: cause and effect cannot happen at the same time

Explanation / Answer

B. time order-------the cause should happen before and at the same time as the effect , is the evidence which is needed to establish a casual relationship.

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