s 7 Ideal Gases and Thermodynamics 7.1 Laboratory 7.1.1 Forces Exerted by a Gas
ID: 1795692 • Letter: S
Question
s 7 Ideal Gases and Thermodynamics 7.1 Laboratory 7.1.1 Forces Exerted by a Gas In this laboratory you will make qualitative observations of a gas in a sealed system and explain your observations in terms of the individual molecules making up the gas using the Kinetic Theory of Gas. The simulation titled Molecules in Motion may help you to formulate your explanations Kinetic Theory allows us to predict macroscopic, observable phenomena of gases, Le change in pressure and in temperature, by understanding the behaviors of many individual molecules of gas. The simplest model of a gas assumes each molecule is a particle and that the collisions between individual particles and between particles and the walls of the container are perfectly elastic. Gases modeled this way are called ideal gases and thelr behavior is PV= NkT. described by the Ideal Gas Law Where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, N is the number of molecules, k is Boltzmann's constant, and T is the temperature of the gas. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas and pressure is a measure of the force exerted on the walls of the container by the particles that collide with it. (You may be more familiar with the Ideal Gas Law in terms of the number of moles of gas, n, written as PV= nRT.) . The equipment for this laboratory includes a piston/syringe apparatus, rubber tubing, rubber stopper and a metal can. Pull the piston approximately half way out of the syringe then seal the system by holding your finger firmly over the opening in the rubber stopper (you will not be using the metal can in this experiment) Rubber stopper Metal can I Syringe Piston/plastic sleeve Base Consider the air in the entire system isyringe, rubber hose and rubber stopper). When you let go of the piston. while keeping the system sealed, which of the following peoperties change? Wherever possible, explain your answers in terms of what changes with the individual molecules of air that produces the macroscopic changes Volume: pcceoses Pressure: IrvCROASEs.A 141
Explanation / Answer
2.Work done by the gas is positive and heat added to the gas also positive.Heat released by a system into its surroundings is by convention a negative quantity (Q < 0); when a system absorbs heat from its surroundings, it is positive (Q > 0).Heat transfer rate, or heat flow per unit time.
3.Volume-Decrease
Pressure-Increase
Temperature-Increase
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