Answer the following true or false. (a) A process that violates the second law o

Question

Answer the following true or false.
(a) A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics
violates the first law of thermodynamics.
(b) When a net amount of work is done on a closed system
undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer
of energy from the system also occurs.
(c) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy
only when a net amount of entropy is transferred into the
system.
(d) The change in entropy of a closed system is the same for
every process between two specified end states.

Explanation / Answer

answers with detail. False. Consider a ball of iron at 50 Celsius added to a bath of water of twice the mass initially at 20 C. The water cools off to 18 C, and the iron ball heats up to 87 C. As crazy as this sounds...it is still perfectly OK with the first law of thermodynamics. It needs the 2nd law to forbid it from actually occuring spontaneously. ----------------------------- When a net amount of work is done on closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer of energy also occurs. Not necessarily...so false. Consider adiabatic and quasistatic compression of air for instance. The destination of said work becomes internal energy rather than heat transfer. ----------------------------- a closed system can experience an entropy (did you mean to say change) only when a net amount of entropy is transferred into the system. Not true...false Consider a tank of air connected via a partition to an evacuated tank. The entire system is isolated due to being closed (well-sealed) and well-insulated. The partition ruptures, and the air freely expands to fill both tanks, but at a lower pressure than initial. Entropy increases (do the calculation and see for yourself)...even though no entropy was transferred in to the system. The entropy was generated within the system. ----------------------- the change in entropy of a closed system is the same for every process between two specified end states True...entropy is a state function.

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