Answer the following true or false 13. ACCORDING TO THE TEXTBOOK MOTIVATION= VAL
ID: 333612 • Letter: A
Question
Answer the following true or false
13. ACCORDING TO THE TEXTBOOK MOTIVATION= VALENCE X EXPECTANCY COMMONALITY 14. POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT SHOULD ALWAYS BE USED, EVEN IN THE CASE OF BIN LADEN. 15. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ARE IDENTICAL SHORT TERM. 16. GOAL ACCEPTANCE, GOALSPECIFICITY, AND GOAL DIFFICULTY ARE ALL IMPORTANT; BUT GOAL ACCEPTANCE IS THE MOST CRITICAL WHEN IT COMES TO THE ORGANIZATION MAKING THE GOAL A REALITY. 17. VALENCE MEASURES THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF REWARDS. 18. PEOPLE NORMALLY FOLLOW LEADERS VOLUNTARILY. 19. COUNSELING HELPS PEOPLE IN GENERAL WITH LIFE AND OTHER ISSUES. 20. COACHING HELPS PEOPLE AT THE JOB. 21. LEADERS WANT TO DO THINGS RIGHT; MANAGERS WANT TO DO THE RIGHT THING 22. MANAGERS ARE MORE CONCERNED WITH THE STATUS QUO 23. LEADERS ARE MORE CONCERNED WITH SHAKING THINGS UP AND CHANGE. 24. GENERALLY YOU MUST BE A GOOD MANAGER IN ORDER TO BE A GOOD LEADER. 25. GOOD LEADERS ARE NOT GOOD FOLLOWERS. 26. BENCHMARKING IS DUPLICATING OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE AND PRACTICES OF OTHER FIRMS AND USING THEM TO IMPROVE YOUR COMPANY.Explanation / Answer
13. True. Motivation is dependent on factors like how much a person believe that his effort will attain desired performance (expectancy), the perceived value of reward that shall be provided to him on completion of task (Instrumentality) and the person's perceived benefits on completion of task (valence).
14. False. Reformative activities should be mixture of Positive reinforcement, Negative reinforcement and Punishment altogether. Using Positive reinforcement always is not acceptable.
15. False. Goal & Objective are different concepts. Goal defines a long term desired state while objectives are usually referred to final outcomes of the individual tasks required to attain the desired goal.
16. True. Goal Acceptance is basically used to define how well aligned an organization feels itself to be with a desired goal. So this becomes critically important because if the organization or its employees find it to be not acceptable, then the process laid out to attain the goal becomes an absolute failure. Goal Specificity & Goal Difficulty comes much later after Goal Acceptance and we can also have dynamic approach towards it.
17. False. Valence defined how beneficial or how attractive a person perceives the benefits of completed task. In other words, what benefits that the person shall achieve after fulfilling the desired objective. Instrumentality is the attractiveness of rewards.
18. True. A true leader possess a charisma which make people follow him/her voluntarily. There might be other factors like competition, politics which might come into picture in such cases but they are usually not so relevant.
19. True. Counseling is a means of providing professional assistance and guidance which would help in resolving a person's personal or psychological problems.
20. True. Coaching is considered to be a best means of training and motivating a person to complete the assigned task.
21. False. In contrary, it is Leaders who want to do the right things and the managers wants to do the things right. A leader would always take decision based on his ethical & moral value and this decision may be in adherence to the present situation or might be in opposition to it. But in the case of a manager, he is always restricted to task assigned to him and his only motto is to complete the task effectively. He is least concerned about the way in which task is completed.
22. True. Manager are only focussed on the present situation and thus their decisions never have a visionary approach. On a contrary, Leader always have a visionary approach towards decision making and thus, takes decisions which would be right for the present as well as for the future scenarios.
23. True. Leader always intend to bring out a transformative change in his limits of influence and thus, he would never allow any resource to lay redundant and hence, would always bring in a change enhancing its utility.
24. True. A Good Leader would always be competent in managing his resources so a good leader must be good manager. But vice versa is not true, a good manager need not be a good leader, he would be required to attain some additional qualities to become good leader.
25. False. A Good leader empower his followers appropriately and will always maintain an open ear to their suggestions and opinions. So a Good leader should also be good listener.
26. False. Benchmarking is not just duplicating a previous outstanding performance. It a concept of using such performances as a point of reference and thus aligning our processes accordingly. The desired final state may be better or lower than the final state of benchmarked performance. Usually, we attempt to improve upon a benchmarked performance and thus creating a new benchmark.
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