In order to assess the relationship between forest fragmentation and the impact

Question

In order to assess the relationship between forest fragmentation and the impact of nest parasitism on forest birds, Penn Lloyd and colleagues (2005) used data from the Breeding Biology and Monitoring Database to assess the frequency of nest parasitism and annual fecundity of 15 species of forest-dwelling birds in the United States (Figure 1). The impact of forest fragmentation on rates of nest parasitism was estimated by the percentage of developed land within 20 kilometers (km) of the nest, which corresponds to the maximum foraging distance for cowbirds.

Question 2. The variation in percentage of nests parasitized among the bird species gives a first approximation of potential endangerment posed by increased abundance of brown-headed cowbirds due to forest fragmentation.

What other information is needed to fully evaluate the threat to local extinction?

100 80 WOTH VEER. 40 20 60 LOVEN LWEWA 40 20 0 60 40 10 REVI SCTA ACFL HOWA . 50 INBU 40 30 20 10L0 CHSP NOCA 0 40 30 20 KEWA AMRE RSTO 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 80 Developed land cover within 20 km radius (%)

Explanation / Answer

Question 2 )OTHER INFORMATION NEEDED TO FULLY EVALUATE TO LOCAL EXTENSION

Increased hunting and the illegal trade of primates as pets and primate body parts, along with emerging threats, such as levels of poverty, global attention is needed immediately to reverse the looming risk of primate extinctions and to attend to local human needs in sustainable ways.mainly global and local market demands, leading to extensive habitat loss through the expansion of industrial agriculture, large-scale cattle ranching, logging, oil and gas drilling, mining, dam building, etc

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