34. Describe the process of chemically digesting a complex carbohydrate such as

Question

34. Describe the process of chemically digesting a complex carbohydrate such as a starch from start to finish. Be sure to include any enzymes involved in the process, where in the body they are produced, what substrate molecules the enzymes act on, and what products are produced from the reactions. 35. List the three main dietary disaccharides, and for each, specify the enzyme that facilitates the reaction that digests them into monomers. Also for each, list the monosaccharides that are produced when they are chemically digested. 36. What is a zymogen, or proenzyme? What is the purpose of proenzymes (i.e. why don't cells produce proteases in their active form)?

Explanation / Answer

34) Digestion of starch may be described as follows:

            Absorption: Absorption of glucose, fructose and galactose which are the end products of starch digestion begins with movement in the absorptive cell of small intestine. And then the undigested carbohydrate is passed into large intestine.

3)Large Intestine: Carbohydrate which is undigested reached to colon, where there are partly breaks down by intestinal bacteria and then excreted out from the body.

35) The three main dietary disaccharides are as follows:

a) Sucrose: The enzyme sucrase break down sucrose into its constituent unit into glucose and fructose.

b) Lactose: The enzyme lactase break down lactose into its constituent unit into glucose and galactose.

c) Maltose: The enzyme maltase break down maltose into its constituent unit into two glucose molecules.

36) Zymogen is a molecule that is inactive precursor of enzyme.  It needs hydrolysis reaction revealing the active site or changing the configuration to reveal the active site to become an active enzyme. This biochemical change is usually occurs in Golgi bodies.

The pancreas secretes zymogens partly to prevent the enzymes from digesting proteins in the cells in which they are synthesized. Examples of zymogens are tripsinogen and pepsinogen.

Proenzymes help to prevent the digestive enzymes from digesting the cell that produce them. It does not remain in the cell in active form because it may digest the whole cell.

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