Which of the following is true regarding model organisms? Select the best answer

Question

Which of the following is true regarding model organisms? Select the best answer. They are studied extensively. They are easy to care for in the laboratory They have a short generation time. They have a large body of knowledge surrounding them. All of the above are true The example provided in Appendix B asks this question: Why are there more saguaros on south-facing slopes? Two hypotheses were proposed: the predation hypothesis and the freeze hypothesis. Match each hypothesis with its null (Ho) and alternative components (HA) 1. South-facing slopes have less seed predation Predation HA 2 Predation is equal on south- and north-facing slopes; another factor may affect saguaro distribution. Freeze HA South-facing slopes are less likely to experience prolonged freezes, which kill saguaros. 3. Freeze Ho Predation Ho South-facing slopes receive more direct sunlight than 4. north-facing slopes, but the number of prolonged freezes does not affect the number of saguaros.

Explanation / Answer

MODEL ORGANISMS

Model organisms, are non-human living organisms that are use to run experiments to study and understand the human body. These organisms are use when the study compromises the integrity of the individual, this mean the experiment or study can either be harmful, unsafe or unethical for the individual; therefore we use different species to run these experiments. The information obtained from these experiments can be extrapolated from the model organism to the human specie, by knowing the fact of the conservation of certain physiologic and metabolic pathways, as well as sharing genetic material among species.

This is common when studying diseases and drugs; for an instance when studying genetic features of the human, drosohila melanogaster (a type of fly) was used to run these experiments. Using this model helped a lot, as this fly is easy to take care of, easy to reproduce and has a very short life span; allowing several experiments to be ran in a short period of time.

There are several model organisms and they are chosen according to certain characteristics. As mentioned before, they usually are easy to take care of in the laboratory; they have a short life-span in order to facilitate the study among generation when studying genetics or reproduction features. They are extensively studied in order to extrapolate information from one organism to another in the most accurate way possible; for this, it is preferable that the model organism shares a determined taxonomic equivalence to the human species.

Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above are true"

WHY ARE THERE MORE SAGUAROS ON SOUTH-FACING SLOPES?

Statistical hypotheses:

PREDATION HYPOTHESIS - This hypothesis states that when prey is reduced by any stated factor, then species richness will be promoted. Therefore these would be the hypothesis:

FREEZE HYPOTHESIS - This hypothesis states that prolonged freezes kill saguaros.

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