ER 10 TABLE 10.2 Collared lizards in the New Mexico region. Blue Yellow A Az 988
ID: 189116 • Letter: E
Question
ER 10 TABLE 10.2 Collared lizards in the New Mexico region. Blue Yellow A Az 988 Generation 1 Total Orange AIA 551 Phenotype Genotype Number of individuals Observed genotype frequencies Allele frequencies Expected genotype frequencies Are these lizards in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (yes/no)? Generation 2 Phenotype Genotype Number of individuals Observed genotype frequencies Allele frequencies Expected genotype frequencies Are these lizards in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (yes/no)? Generation 3 Phenotype Genotype 361 = 1900 = 1.0 =1.0 Yellow A A2 901 Blue Total Orange AIA 510 289 -1700 = 1.0 Orange A Ai 546 Yellow A A2 1053 Blue A,A 351 Total Number of individuals = 1950 = 1.0 = 1.0 Observed genotype frequencies Allele frequencies Expected genotype frequencies Are these lizards in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (yes/no)? disequilibrium forces more likely in the Ozark population than the New Mexico nonula-Explanation / Answer
Generation I:
Allele frequencies and Expected frequencies estimation:
Genotype
Freequency
Allele A1
Allele A2
Total
A1 A1
551
1102
0
1102
A1 A2
988
988
988
1976
A2 A2
361
0
722
722
Total
1900
2090
1710
3800
Allele A1
2090/
3800 =
0.55
Allele A2
1710/
3800 =
0.45
Expected frequencies estimation:
A1 A1
0.303*1900=
575
A1 A2
0.495*1900=
941
A2 A2
0.203*1900=
385
Chi-square test:
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the expected values.
Category
A1 A1
A1 A2
A2 A2
Observed values
551
988
361
1900
Exprected Values
575
941
385
1900
Deviation
-24
47
-24
D^2
564.0625
2256.25
564.0625
3384.375
D^2/E
0.98
2.40
1.47
4.846444
X^2
4.85
Degrees of freedom
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 4.85 is greater than the table value i.e. 3.81 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. The population is not in HW equilibrium.
.
.
.
Generation 2:
Allele frequencies and Expected frequencies estimation:
Genotype
Freequency
Allele A1
Allele A2
Total
A1 A1
510
1020
0
1020
A1 A2
901
901
901
1802
A2 A2
289
0
578
578
Total
1700
1921
1479
3400
Allele A1
1921/
3400 =
0.57
Allele A2
1479/
3400 =
0.44
Expected frequencies estimation:
A1 A1
0.319*1700=
543
A1 A2
0.492*1700=
836
A2 A2
0.189*1700=
322
Chi-square test:
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the expected values.
Category
A1 A1
A1 A2
A2 A2
Observed values
510
901
289
1700
Exprected Values
543
836
322
1700
Deviation
-33
65
-33
D^2
1068.146
4272.583
1068.146
6408.875
D^2/E
1.97
5.11
3.32
10.40175
X^2
10.40
Degrees of freedom
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 10.40 is greater than the table value i.e. 3.81 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. The population is not in HW equilibrium.
.
.
.
Generation 3:
Allele frequencies and Expected frequencies estimation:
Genotype
Freequency
Allele A1
Allele A2
Total
A1 A1
546
1092
0
1092
A1 A2
1053
1053
1053
2106
A2 A2
351
0
702
702
Total
1950
2145
1755
3900
Allele A1
2145/
3900 =
0.55
Allele A2
1755/
3900 =
0.45
Expected frequencies estimation:
A1 A1
0.303 * 1950 =
590
A1 A2
0.495 * 1950 =
965
A2 A2
0.203 * 1950 =
395
Chi-square test:
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the expected values.
Category
A1 A1
A1 A2
A2 A2
Observed values
546
1053
351
1950
Exprected Values
590
965
395
1950
Deviation
-44
88
-44
D^2
1925.016
7700.062
1925.016
11550.09
D^2/E
3.26
7.98
4.88
16.1157
X^2
16.12
Degrees of freedom
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 16.12 is greater than the table value i.e. 3.81 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. The population is not in HW equilibrium.
Genotype
Freequency
Allele A1
Allele A2
Total
A1 A1
551
1102
0
1102
A1 A2
988
988
988
1976
A2 A2
361
0
722
722
Total
1900
2090
1710
3800
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