At saturation, when nearly all the atoms have their magnetic moments aligned, th

Question

At saturation, when nearly all the atoms have their magnetic moments aligned, the magnetic field is equal to the permeability constant ?0 multiplied by the magnetic moment per unit volume. In a sample of iron, where the number density of atoms is approximately 8.50 1028 atoms/m3, the magnetic field can reach 2.00 T. If each electron contributes a magnetic moment of 9.27X 10^-24 A

Explanation / Answer

The magnetic field B is related to the magnetization by: B = µo M where; µo = 4px10^-7 V-s/A-m magnetization: M = n µ' and, where; # of magnetic moments per unit volume: n electron magnetic moment: µ' = 9.27x10^-24 A-m²,..=> Bohr magnetron Therefore, the total magnetization per unit volume of the sample: M = n µ M = B / µo = n µ n = B /µoµ = 2 / [ (4px10^-7)(9.27x10^-24)] = 1.7x10^29 magnetic moments / m³ N = n/(8.5x10^28) = (1.7/8.5)x10 = 2 electrons

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