Assignment Questions for Part IlI: 1. What is the function of the intercellular

Question

Assignment Questions for Part IlI: 1. What is the function of the intercellular spaces in leaves? (5 points) 2. List all the functions of leaf veins. (6 points) 3. In which portion of the internal structure of a leaf does the majority of photosynthesis take place? (5 points) Why stomata and guard cells are usually located on the underside of a leaf? (5 points) 4. 5. What is the function of a guard cell? (5 points) 6. What function does the cuticle serve for a leaf? (5 points) 7. What advantage would there be for leaves to have a broad surface and a high surface to volume ratio? Compare the structure of sun leaf with that of a shade leaf. There are three major differences. What are they? (6 points) 8.

Explanation / Answer

The functions of intercellular spaces in leaf are as follows:-

1)The intercellular air space is vital in the process of photosynthesis and to other roles in the function of the plants. The Intercellular air space serves as pathways for diffusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis.

2) Higher plants have interconnected air spaces so that they undergo respiration in all massive plant tissue, such as large fruits, and potato tubers, at least during growth and development.

3) Aquatic plants or plant part floats in water because of the air-filed intercellular spaces.

4) The intercellular spaces are important for gas exchange and water transport, some movements (i.e., sensitive plants LIKE nyctinastic movements - sleep movements) and freezing protection (i.e., water moves out of cells into the spaces to minimize cellular damage on freezing.

Functions of leaves veins are as follows:-

Veins provide support for the leaf and transport both water and minerals (via xylem) and food energy (via phloem) through the leaf and on to the rest of the plant. Leaves need water for photosynthesis and the water is transported from roots to leaves through xylem.Veins are spread all over the leaves,so they can easily transport water to all the cells of leaves.

3) Most photosynthesis takes place in the palisade mesophyll, which is conveniently located at the top of the leaf just under the epidermis. Palisade parenchyma cells are long, bunched close together. Chloroplasts mostly found in the mesophyll layer.

4) All surfaces of the leaf have some amount of stomata for regulating gas exchange for photosynthesis. However, the lower epidermis (the underside of the leaf) has more, because it is more often in the shade and so it is cooler, which means evaporation won't take place as much. Hence, this help plants to conserve water. Their guard cells stay taut during the day to keep the stoma open. Guard cells can only stay open if they are saturated with a certain quantity of water.

5) Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Opening and closure of the stomatal pore is mediated by changes in the turgor pressure of the two guard cells and this is control by movements of large quantities of ions and sugars into and out of the guard cells.

NOTE- I have been advised to solve only first four questions. I solved 5 questions.

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