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We had 23 students participating in the survey for chronic toxoplasmosis (i.e. I

ID: 196582 • Letter: W

Question

We had 23 students participating in the survey for chronic toxoplasmosis (i.e. IgG antibody positive). I randomize the sample wells before putting them into the holder.

In the process of blowing the serum out of the capillary tube, it’s possible that I did not get all of the contents into the tube. In those cases, the optical density would be lower than there actual value, but assume that all of the samples below were handled correctly in calculating the prevalence of Toxoplasma in the class.

The calibrator factor (written on the calibrator factor tube) was 0.4

Student Name

Number

Absorbance

Blank

A1

0.099

Negative Control

A2

0.154

Positive Control

A3

1.219

Calibrator Factor

A4

1.617

Student 1

A6

0.075

Student 2

A7

0.216

Student 3

A8

0.267

Student 4

A9

0.15

Student 5

A10

1.021

Student 6

A11

0.192

Student 7

A12

0.251

Student 8

B1

0.2

Student 9

B2

0.183

Student 10

B3

0.188

Student 11

B4

0.222

Student 12

B5

0.629

Student 13

B6

0.131

Student 14

B7

0.104

Student 15

B8

0.209

Student 16

B9

0.125

Student 17

B10

0.276

Student 18

B11

1.638

Student 19

B12

0.16

Student 20

C1

0.166

Student 21

C2

0.096

Student 22

C3

0.783

Student 23

C4

0.064

Use the above data to calculate the prevalence of Toxoplasma among the students in the parasitology class. You will first need to determine which samples are positive for Toxoplasma, and then you can calculate the prevalence. Also provide the mean antibody index for the samples. Calculate cut-off value: Calibrator OD x Calibrator Factor (CF). Calculate the Ab (Antibody) Index of each determination by dividing the mean values of each sample by cut-off value.

Student Name

Number

Absorbance

Blank

A1

0.099

Negative Control

A2

0.154

Positive Control

A3

1.219

Calibrator Factor

A4

1.617

Student 1

A6

0.075

Student 2

A7

0.216

Student 3

A8

0.267

Student 4

A9

0.15

Student 5

A10

1.021

Student 6

A11

0.192

Student 7

A12

0.251

Student 8

B1

0.2

Student 9

B2

0.183

Student 10

B3

0.188

Student 11

B4

0.222

Student 12

B5

0.629

Student 13

B6

0.131

Student 14

B7

0.104

Student 15

B8

0.209

Student 16

B9

0.125

Student 17

B10

0.276

Student 18

B11

1.638

Student 19

B12

0.16

Student 20

C1

0.166

Student 21

C2

0.096

Student 22

C3

0.783

Student 23

C4

0.064

Explanation / Answer

At first we will subtract Blank OD value from every reading as done in the table below. (This is done to normalise the readings.) These values will now be used further.

Cut-off value = Calibrator OD X Calibrator factor (CF) = 1.518 X 0.4 = 0.6072

Antibody Index will then be calculated for each reading as done in table by dividing the reading of each sample by the cut-off value calculated above (=0.6072).

The antibody index for the negative control is 0.091. Hence all samples with antibody index above 0.091 will be taken as positive for the prevalence of Toxoplasma in the class. It is shown in table by Y (yes) or N (no) for the prevalence of Toxoplasma in each sample.

Now the prevalence of Toxoplasma in the whole class is calculated as below:

Prevalence (in %) =

(Number of students with Toxoplasma (Sample with Y) / Total Number of students sampled) X 100

= (16/23) X 100

69.565%

0

OD OD minus Blank OD Antibody Index Positive (Y/N) Blank 0.099

0

Negative Control 0.154 0.055 0.091 Positive Control 1.219 1.12 1.845 Calibrator 1.617 1.518 2.500 Student 1 0.075 -0.024 -0.040 N Student 2 0.216 0.117 0.193 Y Student 3 0.267 0.168 0.277 Y Student 4 0.150 0.051 0.084 N Student 5 1.021 0.922 1.518 Y Student 6 0.192 0.093 0.153 Y Student 7 0.251 0.152 0.25 Y Student 8 0.200 0.101 0.166 Y Student 9 0.183 0.084 0.138 Y Student 10 0.188 0.089 0.147 Y Student 11 0.222 0.123 0.203 Y Student 12 0.629 0.53 0.873 Y Student 13 0.131 0.032 0.053 N Student 14 0.104 0.005 0.008 N Student 15 0.209 0.11 0.181 Y Student 16 0.125 0.026 0.043 N Student 17 0.276 0.177 0.292 Y Student 18 1.638 1.539 2.535 Y Student 19 0.160 0.061 0.100 Y Student 20 0.166 0.067 0.110 Y Student 21 0.096 -0.003 -0.005 N Student 22 0.783 0.684 1.126 Y Student 23 0.064 -0.035 -0.058 N
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