Introduction to Microscopy and Bacterial Shapes Pre-Laboratory Questions 1. What
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Introduction to Microscopy and Bacterial Shapes Pre-Laboratory Questions 1. What is the magrifitaticn of the cyepiece es on your rmicrostope? 2. What is the magncaon the lowest power objective lens on your microscope? 3. Calculate the tota magnification ar an ject d r the lowest pawer obiective on your microscope 4. Descrie the poper way to carry à microscope 5. Descri hè the pmper way to store mcmscope slice. 6. List the three most cammon shapes cf bacteria, and provide a brief descripti on of each /. What is the ma n difference between a spirillum and a spirochee? 8. Do bacteria live as single cells? Ir groups? Explain your answer.Explanation / Answer
The questions asked are related to an optical microscope and the observations made in this microscope.
The answer to the question 1
The magnification of the eyepiece lens in an optical microscope is 10X.
The answer to the question 2
The magnification of the lowest power objective lens in an optical microscope is 10X.
The answer to the question 3
Total magnification in an optical microscope can be calculated by using the following formulae:
Total magnification=magnification of eyepiece lens x magnification of the objective
The magnification of eyepiece lens in an optical microscope is 10X
The magnification of the lowest power objective in an optical microscope is 10X
Therefore total magnification of the lowest power objective in an optical microscope is
Total magnification = 10X x 10X = 100X
So, from the above calculation, total magnification of an object viewed under the lowest power objective is 100X.
Answer to the question 4
a. Both hands must be always used to carry a microscope
b. Hold the arm of the microscope in one hand and the base of the microscope in the other hand
c. The distance between the stage and the objective is higher in 10X. Hence we must change the objective to 10X before shifting from one place to the other. This will avoid the accidental damage to the objective.
Answer to the question 5
Proper ways to store microscope slides are as follows:
a. Slides must be always stored in dry place and the temperature of the storage area must be always constant. Variation in the temperature may cause condensation and the slides may become sticky.
b. Slides must be always stored in a slide box. This will avoid the accumulation of dust particles on the surface of slides.
Answer to the question 6
The three most common shapes of bacteria are
a. Coccus: Bacteria appear in a spherical or oval shape. Example: Staphylococcus aureus
b. Bacilli: Bacteria appear in a rod shape. Example: Lactobacillus
c. Spiral: There are three types of spiral bacteria
> vibrio (comma shaped) Example: Vibrio cholerae
> spirillum (spiral shaped with increased thickness and rigidity) Example: Spirillum volutans
> spirochete (spiral-shaped, thin and delicate) Example: Treponema pallidum
Answer to the question to the 7
The spirillum is shorter in length and they are extremely thick and rigid.
The spirocheteis longer in length and they are extremely flexible in nature.
Answer to the question 9
Bacteria can live as single cells as well as in groups. Bacteria which appear as groups contain special surface proteins which help them to form cluster or chains. When they appear as a cluster they look like a grape bunch and when they are arranged in the chain they appear as a string of beads. Bacteria living as single cells lack surface proteins needed for attached and thus they appear as single cells.
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