What is the correct order of electron transfer in linear electron flow (i.e., Z-

Question

What is the correct order of electron transfer in linear electron flow (i.e., Z-scheme)

PSII --> plastiquinone --> Cyt b6f --> plastocyanin --> PSI --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase

PSI --> plastiquinone --> Cyt b6f --> PSII --> plastocyanin --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase

PSII --> plastocyanin --> Cyt b6f --> plastiquinone --> PSI --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase

PSII --> plastiquinone --> Cyt b6f --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase --> PSI --> plastocyanin

PSII --> plastiquinone --> PSI --> plastocyanin --> Cyt b6f --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase

Why does Rubisco use both CO2 and O2?

CO2

is a substrate in photosynthesis and O2 is a product of photosynthesis

Products of both reactions are important for plant growth and metabolism

No known enzymes can differentiate between CO2 and O2

The question is incorrect: Rubisco only uses CO2

Rubisco evolved long before O2 was in the atmosphere

RubisCO catalyzes (Hint: count your carbons and remember your carbon-redox states)

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 --> 2x molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 --> 3-phosphoglycerate + 2-phosphoglycolate

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + O2 --> 3-phosphoglycerate + 3-phosphoglycerate

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + O2 --> 3-phosphoglycerate + 2-phosphoglycolate

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + O2 --> 2-phosphoglycolate + 2-phosphoglycolate

Photorespiration refers to:

Mitochondrial respiration in plants

C4 metabolism

Recovery of reduced carbon after Rubisco oxygenation

Sucrose synthesis in the cytoplasm

Degradation of transient starch in the chloroplast

The cost of performing 2 cycles of photorespiration is

1 C in the form of CO2

4 C in the form of 2 molecules of phosphoglycolate

1 C (as CO2), 2 ATP, 2 NADPH equivalents, and one molecule of NH4+

3 ATP and 2 NADPH

5 ATP and 2 NADPH

The cost of NOT performing 2 cycles of photorespiration is

1 C in the form of CO2

4 C in the form of 2 molecules of phosphoglycolate

1 C (as CO2), 2 ATP, 2 NADPH equivalents, and one molecule of NH4+

3 ATP and 2 NADPH

5 ATP and 2 NADPH

As temperature increases, the quantum yield of photosynthesis in C3 plants is directly affected by

The decreasing ratio of CO2 to O2 in the aqueous phase

The increasing ratio of CO2 to O2 in the aqueous phase

The decreasing ratio of CO2 to O2 in the gas phase

The increasing ratio of CO2 to O2 in the gas phase

In CAM plants and ‘regular’ C4 plants, the enzyme that first fixes CO2 into an organic molecule is

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase for both

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) for both

NADP-malic enzyme for both

Rubisco in CAM, PEPC in ‘regular’ C4

Rubisco in ‘regular’ C4, PEPC in CAM

In CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plants, when and where

are sugars produced?

During the night, in mesophyll cells

During the day, in mesophyll cells

During the night, in bundle sheath cells

During the day, in bundle sheath cells

In ‘regular’ C4 plants, when and where are sugars

produced?

During the night, in mesophyll cells

During the day, in mesophyll cells

During the night, in bundle sheath cells

During the day, in bundle sheath cells

A plant that has Krantz anatomy likely conducts

C3 metabolism only

Photorespiration only

CAM metabolism

C4 metabolism

The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) only

In photosynthesis research, what is the light compensation point?

This is when the light is strong enough for chloroplasts to move within the cells

This is when the [CO2] to [O2] ratio in the aqueous phase is sufficient for C3 photosynthesis

This is the light intensity when maximal photosynthesis is reached (photosynthesis is saturated)

This is the respiration rate when the plant is in complete darkness

This is when the light is strong enough for photosynthesis to equal respiration

Leaves exposed to full sunlight absorb a lot of energy and need to dissipate heat effectively to prevent damage. Which of the following are used by leaves to dissipate excess heat energy?

Radiative heat loss

Sensible heat loss

Latent heat loss

All of the above

A and C only.

If two plants of the same species are growing on the sunny side and the shady side of a building, the plant growing on the sunny side may have “sun leaves” that are broader and thinner than “shade leaves”.

True

False

If there is no shortage of water available to a plant, what is the approximate conversion of light energy (i.e., sun light) into biomass assuming that light levels are near but not dramatically exceeding the light saturation intensity?

Less than 1%

~5%

~10%

~27%

~90%

Which of the following enzymes is very important in determining the partitioning of glyceraldehyle-3-phosphate/dihydroxy acetone phosphate between starch synthesis and sucrose synthesis

Aquaporins

G3P/DHAP efflux channel

RubisCO

Triose-phosphate translocator

ATPases

The accumulation of phosphorylated sugars in the cytoplasm will

Increase the activity of certain key Calvin Cycle enzymes

Promote export of phosphorylated sugars in the phloem

Promote export of triose-P from the chloroplast

Promote starch synthesis in the chloroplast

Promote starch degradation in the chloroplast

A tomato fruit growing on a vine will receive most of its nutrients and water from

The xylem

Storage reserves such as seeds and tubers

All regions of the plant more or less equally

Its own photosynthetic capabilities

The mature leaves closest to it

What is true of phloem sieve tubes

They are dead at maturity

They are cytoplasmically dense

They are membrane lined

None of the above

B and C only

Explanation / Answer

What is the correct order of electron transfer in linear electron flow (i.e., Z-scheme)
The answre is PSII --> plastiquinone --> Cyt b6f --> plastocyanin --> PSI --> ferrodoxin-NADP+reductase

Find the below Z scheme image

Why does Rubisco use both CO2 and O2?
The answer is Products of both reactions are important for plant growth and metabolism

RubisCO catalyzes
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 --> 2x molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Rubp has five carbons, and CO2 has one carbon, after fusion the total number of carbons is 6. It splits in to 2 molecules of 3C glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Photorespiration refers to:
Recovery of reduced carbon after Rubisco oxygenation

The cost of performing 2 cycles of photorespiration is
1 C (as CO2), 2 ATP, 2 NADPH equivalents, and one molecule of NH4+

Find the below C2 cycle.

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