her, the baby becomes cyanotic. Physical examination indicates no structural def
ID: 205553 • Letter: H
Question
her, the baby becomes cyanotic. Physical examination indicates no structural deformities. Blood gas levels show only 60% saturation with oxygen, what may be causing this problem. a) The infant has malformed digestive system b) The lungs are hyperventilating ) The lungs are hypoventilating d) The cardiovascular supply of the lungs is impaired e) The infant is born with only one lung 17) A response of the body to the excess water is: a) Increased ADH b) Decreased ADH c) Remains same d) Renal failure e None of the above 18) Hypernatremia causes cellular a) Dehydration b) Hydration c) Lysis d) Osmotic diuresis e) Enlargement 19) A physiological response to hyponatremia is water movement: a) Out of the cells b) Into the cells c) Into interstitial spaces of the cells d) None of the above e All of the aboveExplanation / Answer
16) The correct option is c.The lungs are hypoventilating.
Cyanosis is the bluish or purple discolouration of skin due to low oxygen saturation of skin membrane. It is caused due to poor circulation of blood to lungs which results in poor blood oxygenation in lungs. One of the causes of cyanosis is hypoventilation. Since the baby shows no physical deformalities, it can be assumed that, the hypoventilation of the lungs cause cyanosis.
17) The correct option is b. Decreased ADH.
ADH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, which maintains water balance in the body. It stimulates the kidneys to conserve water and excrete less urine. When the body has excess water, ADH levels drop and permit the kidneys to remove the excess water through the process of urination.
18) The correct option is e.Enlargement.
Hyponatremia occurs when sodium levels in the blood are too low. At the cellular level, when sodium levels are low, water enters brain cells and causes them to enlarge.
19) The correct option is b.Into the cells.
Hyponatremia causes, When sodium levels in the blood become very low water to enter cells, making the cells swell.
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