QUESTION 1 Which of the following is NOT a major difference between \"Bryophytes

Question

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is NOT a major difference between "Bryophytes" and ALL other land plant phyla?

absence vs. presence of differentiated body plan (true roots, stems and leaves)

absence vs. presence of xylem and phloem

seedless vs. seed condition

absence vs. presence of lignin

ploidy of the conspicuous life stage

0.5 points   

QUESTION 2

Which of the following is NOT true of apical meristems?

in vascular plants they are localized at the tips of shoots and roots

they are regions of active mitotic division

they are synapomorphic for land plants

all of the answers are true of apical meristems

they differentiate into the various tissues of the plant body

0.5 points   

QUESTION 3

Which of these plant characteristics is an adaptation that prevents water loss?

secondary compounds

cellulose-reinforced cell walls

root hairs

cuticle

vascular tissue

0.5 points   

QUESTION 4

Plant spores germinate to become

gametes

seeds

gametophytes

sporophytes

zygotes

0.5 points   

QUESTION 5

Which of the following statements about the life cycle of mosses is FALSE ?

Gametophytes produce eggs and sperm by meiosis.

Haploid spores are the major means of dispersal.

Moss sperm are flagellated and need water to reach the egg.

Antheridia and archegonia are found within the gametophyte body.

Photosynthetic gametophytes grow from protonema.

0.5 points   

QUESTION 6

Charophytes and Plants share this synapomorphy (shared derived characteristic):

all of the answer choices represent synaptomorphies with Charophytes and Plants.

cellulose in cell walls

sporopollenin

haploid and diploid multicellular forms

live on land

0.5 points   

QUESTION 7

Bryophytes are anchored to the ground by rhizoids which

absorb and distribute water and dissolved minerals to the gametophyte

are homologous to the holdfasts of seaweeds

are analogous to the roots of vascular plants

are specialized sporophyte cell

are homologous to the roots of vascular plants

0.5 points   

QUESTION 8

Which of the following is TRUE of organisms characterized by alternation of generations?

the sporophyte is haploid and produces gametes spores by meiosis

the sporophyte is haploid and produces haploid spores by meiosis

the gametophyte is diploid and produces haploid gametes by meiosis

the sporophyte is diploid and produces haploid spores by mitosis

the gametophyte is haploid and produces haploid gametes by mitosis

0.5 points   

QUESTION 9

Which, if any, of the following characters is NOT a synapomorphy (shared derived character state) of terrestrial plants?

multicellular gametangia

vascular tissue

apical meristem

all the answers represent synapomorphies of land plants

walled spores

0.5 points   

QUESTION 10

A homosporous plant

cannot have a conspicuous gametophyte generation

produces gametophytes which develop both antheridia and archegonia

is likely to be adapted to (occur in) an arid environment

may have sporophytes with both microsporangia and megasporangia

cannot have sporophylls

absence vs. presence of differentiated body plan (true roots, stems and leaves)

absence vs. presence of xylem and phloem

seedless vs. seed condition

absence vs. presence of lignin

ploidy of the conspicuous life stage

Explanation / Answer

1) Option 3: seedless vs. seed condition is the correct answer, Bryophytes lack seeds along with many other land plants. Seed is a characteristic of angisperms and gymnospersms and even in these phyla, there are several exceptions that are of a seedless variety, hence it is not a major difference between bryophytes and land plants.

2) Option 4 : all of the answers are true of apical meristems is the correct answer; In plants, apical meristems are found at the tip of shoot and roots, it is one of the synapomorphies of land plants and are a site of active cell divisions capable of giving rise to different types of plant tissues.

3) Option 4 : cuticle is the correct answer; A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves, young shoots and other aerialplant organs without periderm. The cuticle reduces the rate of water loss from the leaf surface.

4) Option 3 : gametophytes is the correct answer; In plants such as bryophytes, ferns, and a few others, spores germinate into independent gametophytes. Spores are usually haploid and unicellular and are produced by meiosis in the sporangium of a diploid sporophyte. Under favourable conditions the spore can develop into a new organism using mitotic division, producing a multicellular gametophyte, which eventually goes on to produce gametes.

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