Help.....1200 words and three scholarly sources listed. 1. In appropriate depth

Question

Help.....1200 words and three scholarly sources listed.

1. In appropriate depth and detail, and utilizing scholarly references, describe the basic characteristics of Buddhism, including but not limited to: its history, its primary beliefs (hint: be sure to address 'The Noble Eightfold Path' and 'The Four Noble Truths' along with other key concepts), its criticisms, its practices, and its organization. In your answer, be sure to answer the question, "Who was Buddha?"

2. In appropriate depth and detail, and utilizing scholarly references, compare and contrast Buddhism and Sikhism

Explanation / Answer

The sixth century B.C. is considered a wonderful century in history. Great thinkers like Buddha and rest others lived and preached their ideas in this century. In india, the republican instutions were strong in the 6th century B.C. This enabled the rise heterodox sects aganist the orthodox religion dominated by rites and rituals. Amoung them the most sucessuful were Buddhism and Jainism whose impact on the indian society was remarkable. The primary cause for the rise of Buddhism was the religious unrest in India in 6th century B.C. The complex rituals and sacrifices advocated in the later vedic period were not acceptable to the common people. The sacrificial ceremonies were also found to be too expensive. The superfical beliefs and mantras confused people etc. Therefore what was needed in larger interests of the people was the simple, short and intelligible wayto salvation for all people and also should in a language known to them. This need was fulfilled by the teachings of Buddha. Other than the religious factor social and economic factors also contributed to the rise of this religion.

Buddhism as a religion and philosophy encompresses a variety of traditions, belief and practices, largely based on teachings of Buddha. Budha neither accepts god nor rejects the existance of god. He laid great emphasis on the law of Karma. He argued that the condition of man in this life depends upon his own deeds. He taught that the soul does not exist. Hoowever, he emphasized Ahimsa. The teachings of Buddha are as follows:

a) His Noble Four Truths (Arya Satyas).

1. The world is full of sorrows ( Sabbam Dukkam).

2. The cause of sorrow is desire (Dwadas Nidan/ Pratitya Samutpaya).

3. If desires are conquered, all sorows can be removed (Nirvana).

4. This can be achieved by following the 8- fold path ( Ashtangika Marga).

The second truth is based on Buddha's doctrine of Paticheha samutpada or Pratitya samutpada i.e, Law of dependent orginisation or causation

b) The Noble Eight- Path ( Ashtangika Marga)

1. Right understanding, 2. Right thought.

3. Right speech, 4. Right action.

5. Right livlehood, 6. Right effort.

7. Right mindfulness, 8. Right concentration.

Buddha:- Gautam Buddha was the founder of Buddhism, was born in 567 B.C. in lumbini garden near kapilavastu. His father was Suddodhana of the sakya clan and mother Mayadevi. As his mother died at childhood, he was brought by his aunt Prajapati Gautami. At the afe of sixteen, he married Yasodhara and gave bith to a son, Rahula. He left home at the age of twenty nine in search of truth. He wandered for seven years and met several teachers but could not get Enlightement,. At last, he sat under a bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya and did intense penance. After which he got Enlightement at the age of thirty five. Since then he became known as Buddha. He delivered his frist sermon at Sarnath near Benares. He died at the age of eighty at Kusinagara. The most important disciples of Buddha were Sariputta, Moggallanna, Ananda, Kasapa, and Upali.

3. Compare and Contrast Buddhism and Sikhism

CONTRAST:-

- Buddhism is the old religion around 530 B.C.

- Buddhism talks about self organisation, they dont believe on creater.

- Buddhism is a monastic community called as the Sangha.

- Buddha was an oral teacher; he left no written of thought, later his followere codified his beliefs abd oral teachings.

  SIKHISM

- Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions.

- Sikhs worship only one Almighty God.

- Sikhism is a theistic path known as Guru Panth.

- Sikh Holy Scriptures, Guru Granth Sahib were compiled and sealed during the lifetime of the Gurus by themselves.

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