29. Oxygen in the earth\'s atmosphere originated from a. Plants photosythesis b.

Question

29. Oxygen in the earth's atmosphere originated from a. Plants photosythesis b. Inorganic catalytic reactions on clays c. extraterrestrial meteorites d. Cyanobacteria photosynthesis 30. Lack's hypothesis assumes a. a trade-off between probability of individual survival and clutch b. no trade-offs occur between reproductive efforts across years. c. that clutch size only affects nestling viability d. that the optimal clutch size is constant from year to year. e. all of the above. 31. Bonus question. Inbreeding in human populations of Tristan da Cunha changed allelic frequencies a. True b. False

Explanation / Answer

29. Oxygen in the earth's atmosphere originated from

The correct answer is Option d. Cyanobacteria photosynthesis. This is because, during the formation of the earth's atmosphere, plants were not evolved. Cyanobacteria present in ocean utilized the carbon dioxide and converted to an oxygen-rich environment.

30. Lack's hypothesis assumes

The correct answer is Option a. a trade-off between probability of individual survival and clutch. The reason behind this is, clutch size is favored by natural selection. As a result, a balance between individual survival and clutch size is observed.

31. Inbreeding in human populations of Tristan Da Cunha changed allelic frequencies

The correct answer is true.

Inbreeding generally do not change allelic frequencies but alters the ratio of homozygotes and heterozygotes. Due to inbreeding, there will be an increase in the number of homozygotes than the heterozygotes. The increased occurrence of homozygotes (especially with recessive alleles) exposes the alleles to natural selection. This results in deleterious effects and thus after many generations the frequency of alleles decreases. Thus, there was a change in the allelic frequency due to inbreeding in human populations of Tristan Da Cunha.

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