Questions 4-5: In eukaryotes, miR-5 is a microRNA with sequence complementarity

Question

Questions 4-5: In eukaryotes, miR-5 is a microRNA with sequence complementarity to the 3’UTR of the mRNA transcript encoded by the BIS gene. The BIS gene encodes for a protein that acts as an allosteric inhibitor of the protein p101. The p101 protein is a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) that functions to methylate DNA.

5. (2pts) A different breast cancer cell line is found to have significantly decreased amounts of DNA methylation. Which of the following could explain why there is decreased DNA methylation in this cell line? (choose all that apply)

increased amounts of the p101 protein due to low levels of miR-5

decreased amounts of the BIS protein due to low levels of miR-5

increased amounts of the BIS protein due to low levels of miR-5

the absence of the BIS protein due to miR-5 inhibiting translation of the BIS mRNA transcript

the absence of the p101 protein due to miR-5 inhibiting transcription of the p101 mRNA transcript

increased amounts of the p101 protein due to low levels of miR-5

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Based on the given information, the product of BIS gene is a protein that acts as an allosteric inhibitor of p101 protein.
p101 protein (DNA methyltransferase) methylates DNA.
miR-5 is a microRNA with sequence complementary to the 3'UTR of the mRNA transcript encoded by the BIS gene.

Since in the different breast cancer cell line, the amount of DNA methylation is found to be significantly decreased, therefore, it indicates that more BIS gene protein is synthesized that causes an increase in inhibition of p101 protein and decreases the extent of DNA methylation. So the sequence of events is:

So the correct options are:

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