help with 53 ,54,55,56 please ( very short answers for 53,54 please) Pau9 53) Wh
ID: 210479 • Letter: H
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help with 53 ,54,55,56 please ( very short answers for 53,54 please)
Pau9 53) What is the general purpose of epidemiology and why is it helpful for society? gDn 54) What would be better: a diverse microbiome or a monoculture? Explain your reasoning. Del 55) True or False: I can use paper towel to wipe the objective lens after I use it to clean any residual immersion oil left. 56) At which objective should we view a virus at with a standard light microscope? A) 4x B) 10x C) 40x D) 100x E) It is not possibleExplanation / Answer
53. Epidemiology is the study of diseases in populations of humans or other animals, specifically how, when and where they occur.
Epidemiologists attempt to determine what factors are associated with diseases (risk factors), and what factors may protect people or animals against disease (protective factors). The science of epidemiology was first developed to discover and understand possible causes of contagious diseases like smallpox, typhoid and polio among humans. It has expanded to include the study of factors associated with non-transmissible diseases like cancer, and of poisonings caused by environmental agents.
Epidemiological studies can never prove causation; that is, it cannot prove that a specific risk factor actually causes the disease being studied. Epidemiological evidence can only show that this risk factor is associated (correlated) with a higher incidence of disease in the population exposed to that risk factor. The higher the correlation the more certain the association, but it cannot prove the causation.
For example, the discovery of the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was based on comparisons of lung cancer rates in smokers and non-smokers. The rates of lung cancer are much higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Does this prove that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer? No. In order to prove that cigarette smoking is the factor causing this increase in lung cancer, it was necessary to expose animals to tobacco smoke and tobacco smoke extracts. This was done under highly controlled conditions where the only difference between the controls (animals not exposed to smoke) and treated animals was the exposure to smoke. These laboratory studies proved the causal association between smoking and increased risk of cancer.
54. In a study of perticular microbe a monoculture have its own importance because it is easy to find out or easy to sudy about the microbe present in culture. It helps in find out the effects of factors affecting the perticular microbe which me bring diffrences in microbe activity.
54. False . Paper towel is not able to wipe the objective lense contacted with the oil.
55. It is not possible to view viruse under a standard light microscope. It require electron microscope to study them.
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