Q1. By which of the following mechanisms could ATP synthesis potentially be inhi

Question

Q1.

By which of the following mechanisms could ATP synthesis potentially be inhibited?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. By dissociating the F1 complex from the F0 complex.

B. By blocking proton passage through the F0 complex

C. By blocking the rotation of the 33 hexamer of the F1 complex

D. By blocking inorganic phosphate from binding to the F1 complex

Q2.

What would happen to cellular ATP synthesis in the absence of oxygen? Select ONE option:

A. All ATP synthesis would stop.

B. Glycolytic ATP synthesis would continue in the absence of oxygen but mitochondrial ATP synthesis would stop.

C. Both glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP synthesis would continue in the absence of oxygen.

Q3.

To confirm Boyer’s “binding change model” for the ATP synthase, the F1 subunit was removed from the inner mitochondrial membrane and attached upside down to a glass slide (such that the and subunits were directly attached to the glass slide, and the -rotor was pointing straight up). A fluorescently-labeled actin filament was then attached to the -rotor to allow observation of its rotation in the microscope, as shown below. Prior to adding ATP, no movement was observed.

Part 1. Upon adding ATP, what result to do you expect? Select ONE option:

A. No movement at all

B. Back and forth movement across 180 degrees

C. Rotation in 120 degree intervals

D. Rotation in 90 degree intervals

Part 2. Do you expect that the movement of the actin filament depends on the synthesis or the hydrolysis of ATP in this experiment? Select ONE option:

A. hydrolysis of ATP

B. synthesis of ATP

C. cannot tell

Part 3. What do you expect to observe after a full cycle of the labelled actin filament, assuming each active site goes through the three binding states? Select ONE option:

A. synthesis of one molecule of ATP

B. hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP

C. synthesis of three molecules of ATP

D. hydrolysis of three molecules of ATP

Q4.

The following questions ask you to consider what would happen if isolated mitochondria provided with both NADH and oxygen (O2) were treated with agents that prevent the reduction of various components of the ETC. Recall that redox reactions occur sequentially in the electron transport chain. If a certain redox reaction is blocked, all the reactions following it will be blocked as well (much like a traffic jam on a road).

Note that NADH is the only available fuel for the mitochondria in this scenario.

Part 1. Rotenone is a small molecule that prevents NADH from reducing complex I. Which molecule(s) could be reduced if the isolated mitochondria were treated with rotenone?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. Complex I

B. Complex III

C. Complex IV

D. Coenzyme Q

E. Cytochrome c

F. Oxygen

G. None of the above

Part 2. Antimycin A is a small molecule that inhibits reduction of cytochrome c. Which molecule(s) could be reduced if a cell were treated with antimycin A?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. Complex I

B. Complex III

C. Complex IV

D. Coenzyme Q

E. Cytochrome c

F. Oxygen

G. None of the above

Part 3. Cyanide (CN-) prevents the reduction of oxygen. Which molecule(s) could be reduced if a cell were treated with cyanide?

(Select ALL that apply.) Select ONE option:

A. Complex I

B. Complex III

C. Complex IV

D. Coenzyme Q

E. Cytochrome c

F. Oxygen

G. None of the above

Q5.

The image below (Figure A) shows oxygen concentration plotted over time.

Figure A. Oxygen consumption over time.

What is the oxygen consumption rate in the oxygen consumption vs time plot shown in Figure A?

Select ONE option:

A. 1 micromole oxygen/min

B. 30 micromole oxgen/min

C. 100 micromole oxygen/min

D. 200 micromole oxygen/min

Q6.

The figure below shows fission (division) of one mitochondrion into two mitochondria. For this process to occur, the mitochondrion has to grow to a certain size by synthesizing the necessary components to increase its volume.

Part 1. In order for a mitochondrion to divide, it must first make more membrane. What are the major components that need to be made by the mitochondrion during this first step?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. Outer membrane lipids

B. ATP synthase

C. Cytochrome C

D. Inner membrane lipids

E. Mitochondrial DNA

F. Cardiolipin

G. Pyruvate

H. Drp1

Part 2. Which type of mitochondrial enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of the components mentioned in Part 1?

Select ONE option:

A. ATP synthase

B. DNA synthesizing enzymes

C. Lipid synthesizing enzymes

D. Citric acid cycle enzymes

E. Ribosomes

Part 3. Where is this type of enzyme likely to be located in the mitochondria?

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner mitochondrial membrane

C. Intermembrane space

D. Outer mitochondrial membrane

Q7.

Mitochondrial diseases are often very severe because:

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. mitochondria contain most of the DNA in the cell.

B. mitochondria have their own genome.

C. they affect the cell’s energy metabolism.

D. ATP produced by the mitochondria is important for normal cellular function.

Q8.

Which of the following individuals are most likely to show symptoms of mitochondrial disease?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. An individual with 70% mutant mitochondria

B. An individual with 30% mutant mitochondria

C. An individual with 90% mutant mitochondria

D. An individual with 10% mutant mitochondria

E. An individual with 35% mutant mitochondria

Q9.

New mitochondria arise from:

Select ONE option:

A. Smooth ER

B. Rough ER

C. Golgi

D. Other mitochondria

Q10.

Select the correct location of the following molecules or processes within the cell:

ATP synthase:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Pyruvate Transporter:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Cardiolipin:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Cristae:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Mitochondrial lipid synthesis:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Cytochrome C:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Mitochondrial DNA:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Citric Acid Cycle:

Select ONE option:

A. Matrix

B. Inner membrane

C. Inner membrane space

D. Outer membrane

Actin filam Streptavidin 33 complex His-tag Coverslip coated with Ni-NTA

Explanation / Answer

ANSWER:

Correct Answers are given below :

Ans. 1: A & C

Ans. 2: B

Ans. 3:

Part 1- C

Part 2- A

Part 3- ………..

Ans. 4:

Part 1- …………………….

Part 2- B,C & E

Part 3- E

Ans. 5 : DO NOT KNOW THE ANSWER

Ans. 6:

Part 1- C & F

Part 2- C

Part3- B

Ans. 7: C

Ans 8: A and C

Ans. 9: C

Ans. 10:

ATP Synthase- (B) Inner Membrane

Pyruvate Transporter- (A) Matrix

Cardiolipin- (B) Inner Membrane

Cristae- (B) Inner Membrane

Mitochondrial Lipid Synthesis- (B) Inner Membrane

Cytochrome C- (B) Inner Membrane

Mitochondrial DNA- (A) Matrix

Citric Acid Cycle- (A) Matrix

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