1. What is bacteriuria? When is it significant? 2. How do microorganisms enter t

Question

1. What is bacteriuria? When is it significant? 2. How do microorganisms enter the urinary tract? 3. Why is aseptic urine collection important when cultures are ordered? 4. List five bacteria that can cause urinary tract infection. 5. If you counted 20 colonies from a 0.01-ml inoculum of a 1:10 dilution of urine, how many organisms per milliter of specimen would you report? Is this number significant? 6. Is the urine colony count an appropriate indicator of the need for an antimicrobial susceptibility test of an organism isolated from a urine culture? Why?

Explanation / Answer

1. Bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in urine .

It signifies the urinary tract infection.

2. Microorganisms enter the urinary tract through urethra. From fecal matter ie in females because of Short urethra and close proximity of anal canal and genitals

Others include the catheterization , sex, diabetes ,vesicourethral reflux etc.

3. Aseptic conditions are used to avoid the contamination of urine sample from the surrounding microorganisms. If it gets contaminated then the results of culture will be false.

4. Bacteria causing urinary tract infection are

E.coli

Psuedomons

Klebsiella

Proteus

Staphylococcus

5. 0.01 ml of inoculum of 1:10 means 0.001 ml of urine

So 0.001 ml contains 20 colonies then

1ml will contain 20 ×1000=20000 colonies.

Yes it is significant because upto 10000 colonies per ml is considered normal but above this it is asymtomatic bacteriuria.

Above 1 lakh colonies per ml means urinary tract infection .

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