Explain how one would differentiate tissue that was pseudostratified, stratified

Question

Explain how one would differentiate tissue that was pseudostratified, stratified, or simple. Give an example of each type of tissue. While Dr Wentz-Hunter was in Canada over spring break, she decided to go on ice river tour of Jackson Canyon. During the tour, she was separated from her group and became lost. At first she was not worried but then the sun set and she had not found her way back to the lodge. As a result she was forced to spend the night in the canyon. (A) Describe the process that Dr Wentz-Hunter's body would go through to prevent hypothermia. Be very specific. B) If Dr Wentz has food and water with her, are her chances of avoiding hypothermia better or worse? Why? C) She noticed some Canadian Geese were near her during the night and did not seem to be having any problems with the temperature. In fact, some were standing in the water of a nearby river. Explain the processes of thermoregulation in this animal that may allow them to stand in near freezing water. D) Would you expect Dr Wentz to be able to stand in the water without effect? Why or why not?

Explanation / Answer

Cells of the human body are grouped together to form the tissue.

Human body is composed of 4 basic Tissues . They are 1. Epithelium ( covers and lines the surface )

2. connective tissue( connecting and binding for support )

3. Muscular tissue and (movement )

4. Nervous tissue ( nerve impulse transmission)

Epithelium based on the shape and the arrangement of the cells is classified as follows

a) Simple

b) Stratified

c) Pseudo stratified and

d) Transitional

Simple Epithelium : cells are found in a single layer attached to the basement membrane.Based on the shape they are further classified as a) squamous . this type is found in alveoli of lungs.these are the flat shaped cells.

b) columnar ., this type is found in the cells of the villi of the intestine.

c) cuboidal , this type is found in the kidney tubules.

2.Pseudostratified epithelium can be differentiated based on the presence of cilia on their surface. Nuclei are distributed like goblets and they are present in different heights and all the cells thus gives a false striated appearance.

Example for this is cells of trachea. these help in the secretion of mucus.

3.Stratified epithelium : it if thick membrane composed of several cell layers. Deeper layers of the cells are cuboidal or columnar and are active mitotically, outer layer of cells are inactive and dead cells forming a keratin layer of the skin .

Example is the dermis and the epidermis of the skin.

2. in the second question the process to avoid hypothermia is as follows.

Normal human body temperature ranges from 36.5 to 37.5 degrees centigrade. The condition in Which the temperature drops below 35.5 degrees centigrade is termed as Hypothermia.

Based on the intensity of the decrease in the core temperature, it can be classified as Mild Hypothermia and Severe Hypothermia.

From the above question it is understood that the lady is struck in the very ice cold region, The precautions she would take to avoid Hypothermia are 1. she could express shivering and rapid movement of hands and feet, these are involuntary and voluntary actions in response to the hypothermia.

2. she must be covered with a blanket to reduce the exposure of skin to the surrounding environment , because heat is mostly lost to the surrounding through skin surface.

If she is having food and water with her she can have her food and drink enough water to avoid hypothermia.

Food helps in providing heat to the body because food undergoes metabolic reactions in the body which could produce energy to the body.

Drinking water keeps the body hydrated and helps in thermoregulation.

The canadian geese having no feathers undergo some changes in their behaviour to avoid hypothermia.

These birds show behavioural changes like standing on one limb and folding the other , inorder to avoid the heat loss.These birds cover their body with their limbs by sitting on the surface to avoid the exposure of the cold.

There would be counter current exchange of heat between the arteries and the veins of the limbs and helps in insulation.

The lady could not be expected to stand in the river to avoid hypothermia. Hypothermia gets worse on exposure to further cold conditions.

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