Postlab 1) As concerns measurements on the human body, why is an instrumentation

Question

Postlab 1) As concerns measurements on the human body, why is an instrumentation amplifier 2) What differences in the body can influence the ability of the ECG amplifier to make 3) Wire can act as antennas. What other signals in the room and in the general used instead of just a differential amplifier? measurements? environment around us can influence the ability of the ECG amplifier to make measurements? 4) Given the simplicity of creating an ECG amplifier in this lab, explain why medical 5) In a commercial ECG system, an alarm is sounded if the heart rate stops being 6) Cardiac circuits in a hospital must be able to protect themselves from the electrical nstrumentation 1s so expensive detected. How could one add this function to the circuit in this lab? shock that a defibrillator gives (several 100 volts). How could you protect the circuit developed in this lab?

Explanation / Answer

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1) A differential amplifier is not suitable for medical applications and measurements over human body due to its low impedance.In measurements over human body there is a requirement for measurement of small electric potentials within the human body.Accuracy is a need in medical applications and measurements as any shift in results may be a potential risk to human life.There is difficulty in measuring potentials within the body because the potentials that are needed to be measured are swamped over by other potentials generated in the body and in the equipment . An instrumentation amplifier would detect these potentials owing to its high input impedance which is formed by addition of two boot strapped buffers to the inputs of difference amplifier. Suppose a signal is equally likely to be picked by the probes of the amplifier then they need to be rejected and this is defined by the common mode rejection ratio .This CMMR is less in difference amplifiers as compared to nstrumentation amplifers

Hence it is because of these reasons an instrumentation amplifier is used over difference amplifier for carrying out measurements over human body

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