In this experiment, we placed a jar on top of a burning candle as shown in 1. Wh

Question

In this experiment, we placed a jar on top of a burning candle as shown in 1. When we placed the jar over the candle as shown in 2, all of the water that was inside the jar moved outside of it, When the burning candle started to dim as shown in 3, some water went back inside the jar slowly. When the candle went off as shown in 4, more water went inside the jar and it was faster than 3. We repeated the experiment with more candles each time, we noticed the process was faster.

1. Why did the candle go off?

2. Why did the water got out of the jar when we placed the jar over the candle and then started to go back inside when the candle started to go off?

Provide at least 2 explanations

Mentioning the ideal gas law and the relationship between pressure and depth will be very helpful.

Explanation / Answer

1). As we know that in order to burn something We need oxygen. Initially there was a oxygen in the jar. The burning candle uses oxygen and turns it into carbon dioxide and water. The concentration of oxygen is reducing. And when it ran out of oxygen, the candle went off.

2). The candle flame heats the air in the jar, and this hot air expands. Some of the expanding air escapes out from under the jar— you might see some bubbles. When the flame goes out, the air in the jar cools down and the cooler air contracts. The cooling air inside of the jar creates a vacuum. This imperfect vacuum is created due to the low pressure inside the jar and the high pressure outside of the jar. We know what you're thinking, the vacuum is sucking the water into the jar right? You have the right idea, but scientists try to avoid using the term "suck" when describing a vacuum. Instead, they explain it as gases exerting pressure from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. Therefore this pressure difference allow the water to go inside the jar.

There is a little possibility that the consumption of oxygen inside of the jar is also a factor of water rising inside the jar.

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