In the circuit below, the battery maintains a constant potential difference betw

Question

In the circuit below, the battery maintains a constant potential difference between its terminals, points 1 and 2 (i.e., the internal resistance of the battery is considered regligible).

The three light bulbs A, B, and C are identical.

A. How do the brightness of the three bulbs compare to each other? Explain your reasoning.

B. What happens to the brightness of each of the three bulbs when bulb A is unscrewed and removed from its socket? Explain your reasoning.

C. When A is unscrewed, what happens to the current through points 3,4, and 5? Explain your reasoning.

D. Bulb A is screwed back in. What happens tot he brightness of each of the three bulbs when bulb C is unscrewed and removed from its socket? Explain your reasoning.

E. When C is unscrewed, what happens to the current flowing through points 3,4 and 5? Explain your reasoning.

2. For each of the questions A-E below, a wire is connected from the battery terminal at point 1 to point 4.

A. What happens to the brightness of each of three bulbs? Explain

B. What happens to the current flowing through point 3? Explain

C. What happens to the potential across bulb B? Explain

D. What happens to the potential difference across bulb C? Explain.

E. What happens to the potential difference between points 1 and 5? Explain your reasoning.

3. The wire described in (2) is removed. What happens to the brightness of each of three bulbs and to the current flowing through point 2 is a wire is connected from the battery terminal at point 2 to the socket terminal at point 5?

4. The circuit is returned to its original state. A fourth bulb (D) is connected in parallel with bulb B (not in parallel with B and C).

A. Sketch the bulb in the circuit.

B. What happens to the brightness of each of the three bulbs?

C. What happens to the current flowing through point 3?

D. What happens to the potential difference between points 3 and 4?

E. What happens to the potential difference between points 4 and 2?

Explanation / Answer

1A) the resistance in branch A is less so more current flows through A.

So Bulb A is brighter than B and C

1B) when we remove Bulb A , the current in B and C remains same as before.

So brightness of B and C remains same

1C) At 5 : Current becomes 0 since A is no more connected to the circuit.

At 4 : Current remains same since Voltage in branch containing remains same being parallel to the battery.

At 3 :Current decreases since the net resistance of the circuit increases but Voltage is same . hence current decreases.

1d) Bulb B will go out since bulb B is no more connected to circuit as it is connected to C which has been removed.

Bulb C will also go out since it is not connected.

Bulb A will have same brightness as before since it is still in parallel with the battery and hence have the same voltage across it. so same current flows through it

1e) At 3 : Current will decrease since the net resistance of the circuit increases after C is removed.

At 5: Current will be same that the current at 3 since point 3 and 5 are no in series.

At 4: Current will be 0 since No current flow in branch containing point 4 as C is disconnected.

2a) B will go out as wire 1 to 4 is in parallel with bulb B and all the current flows from 1 to 4 due to low resistance of wire than bulb B.

The brightness of C will increase as the total resistance of the branch B and C containing decreases after no current flow through B and brightness of C becomes equal to that of A since now same current flows in A and C.

A remains same.

2 b) The current in 3 will increase as net resistance of the circuit decreases.

2 c) Potential across B will be 0 since no current flows through it.

2d) Potential across C will increase since no current flows through B and that reduces the resistance of the branch containing B and C

2e) point 1 and point 5 have terminal voltage between them which remains constant.

3) Situation remain unchanged as point 2 and 5 are at same potential.

4a) The total resistance of the branch Containing B , D and C decreases which increases the current in this branch.

B and D will have same voltage across them being parallel to one another. so brightness of B and D will be same but dimmer .

Brightness of bulb A remains same as the voltage across A remains same.

Brightness of C will incease as the current through it has increases.

4c) the net resistance of the circuit has decreased so Current at point 3 increases.

4d) The potential difference between 3 and 4 decreases since the parallel combination of B and D has less resistance than B alone

4e) The Potential difference between 4 and 2 increases.

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