Ad, Soyad Numara: T, C. OKAN ÜN?VERS?TES? Matematik, Endüstri Mühendisli?i ve Bi

Question

Ad, Soyad Numara: T, C. OKAN ÜN?VERS?TES? Matematik, Endüstri Mühendisli?i ve Bilgisayar Mühendisli?i Bölimleri Mühendislik Fizi?i Dersi Prof. Dr. Tolga Yarman Son Sinav (11 Haziran 2008) Soru 4 (20 Puan) Question4 Van Allen radiation is caused once electrons from a solar flare repel elcctrons captured in Earth's magnetic field, to the atmosphere, Write the magnetic force exerted on a charge moving in a magnetic field. What is the orbit drawn by the charge if the velocity of it and the magnetic field are perpendicular to each other.

Explanation / Answer

. let the charge be q, mass m

velocity v

then

force on the charge moving in magnetic field B is

F = q v x B ( where x is cross product)

. if, v _|_ B, then v x B is constant for constant v and B

hence the particle observes a circular trajectory in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field

. A magnetic bottle is a region of space where the magnetic field varies such that charged particles are confined to move inside the region but not outside it

. the earth's magnetic field originates from magnetic north pole and moves to magnetic south pole, just like magnetic field of a magnetic bottle that is created using tho coils of same directional sense of curreent placed close together.

.A solar flare is a sudden flash of increased Sun's brightness, usually observed near its surface

Flares occur when sped up charged particles, mainly electrons, interact with the plasma medium. Abundant evidence implicates that the phenomenon of magnetic reconnection, also describable as magnetic flux transfer, leads to this copious acceleration of charged particles.

. the charged particles ejected in a solar flare when reach earth's atmosphere spiral down to one of the poles and lose energy as they enter earth, like getting trapped in a magnetic bottle ( or outside it)

.van allen radiation is the radiation emitted by charged particles originated from solar winds as they travel in the magnetic field of earth

. A Van Allen radiation belt is a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind that are captured by and held around the planet by that planet's magnetic field. now since the charged particles would have a force exerted on them when they interact with the magnetic field of earrh, and hence they will spirtal to one of the poles, hance there are regions where these particles concentrate finally after interacting with earth's magnetic fields, and that is near the poles of the magnet that causes earth's magentic field

. Prominent emissions in the spectrum of this luminosity are associated with the red line of atomic oxygen at 633 nm, the green line of atomic oxygen at 558 nm, the first negative bands of ionized molecular nitrogen at 391 nm and 428 nm,

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