QUESTION 1 The High Plains aquifer received much of its water from melting glaci

Question

QUESTION 1

The High Plains aquifer

received much of its water from melting glaciers in the past.

averages about 30 inches of rain per year.

is not Earth's largest aquifer.

was not heavily mined until the 1960s.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 2

Transpiration refers to

the outward movement of water from plant leaves.

evaporation.

the movement of free water molecules away from a wet surface.

an amount of moisture loss from the surface that cannot be measured.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 3

Which of the following is normally true of a hot desert?

Potential evapotranspiration exceeds actual evapotranspiration.

Actual evapotranspiration exceeds potential evapotranspiration.

Potential evapotranspiration equals actual evapotranspiration.

It is impossible to say what the normal relationship between potential and actual evapotranspiration would be in a desert.

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QUESTION 4

Which of the following is true regarding potential evapotranspiration (POTET) in the United States?

The highest values are in the Southwest.

Complete measurements and a map of POTET have yet to be prepared.

It coincides with precipitation amounts.

The highest values are in the South and East.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 5

The hydrologic cycle includes water

at the surface of Earth and in the oceans.

in the atmosphere.

at a depth of up to several kilometers below the surface.

all of the above

0.1 points   

QUESTION 6

The upper limit of water that collects in the zone of saturation is the water table.

True

False

0.1 points   

QUESTION 7

Of the following regions, which is most vulnerable to water scarcity?

China

United States

India

South America

0.1 points   

QUESTION 8

The line of contact between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation is known as the

saturation contact.

water table.

aquiclude.

influent line.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 9

Approximately what percentage of our bodies is comprised of water?

5 percent

10 percent

25 percent

70 percent

0.1 points   

QUESTION 10

In the water budget, ________ is the major receipt and ________ is the major expenditure.

precipitation; evaporation and transpiration

outgassing; dissociation

evaporation and transpiration; precipitation

sunshine; radiative cooling

0.1 points   

QUESTION 11

Excess surface water percolates through the zone of ________ to reach the zone of ________ and the water table.

water table; water deposit

porosity; permeability

hydration; infiltration

aeration; saturation

0.1 points   

QUESTION 12

This region of the High Plains aquifer is suffering the least from groundwater mining

south-central Nebraska.

northern Texas.

Kansas.

Oklahoma.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 13

The term "cone of depression" refers to

a depression in Earth's surface formed by ground water withdrawal.

a change in the level of the soil water zone.

a graphical representation of the decline in the rate of ground water flow as an aquifer dries out.

a depression in the water table formed by rapid ground water withdrawal.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 14

This activity uses the least amount of withdrawn water in the United States

industry-mining.

steam-electric power.

irrigation-livestock.

domestic-commercial.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 15

The largest practical potential source of fresh water in North America is

soil moisture.

groundwater.

ice sheets and glaciers.

stream discharge.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 16

Which of the following is true regarding the hydrologic cycle?

Very little moisture is advected from the sea to the land.

78 percent of all precipitation falls on the oceans.

The bulk of the precipitation occurs over land.

22 percent of Earth's precipitation falls over the oceans.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 17

Which of the following are true?

80 countries face impending water shortages.

1.1 billion people lack access to safe water.

1.8 billion people lack access to adequate sanitary facilities.

In the next 50 years, water availability per person is expected to drop by 74%.

All of the above are true.

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QUESTION 18

Potential evapotranspiration refers to

the moisture supply.

actual evapotranspiration under conditions of moisture deficit.

the amount of unmet water demand in an environment.

the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 19

Which of the following is true of precipitation in North America?

The lowest amounts are received in the Midwest.

The highest amounts occur in the Southeast and Northwest.

The highest amounts occur in the Southwest and Midwest.

The lowest amounts are received near Hudson's Bay.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 20

When actual evapotranspiration is less than potential evapotranspiration, a soil moisture surplus exists.

True

False

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QUESTION 21

The ten largest rivers in the world combined, in terms of discharge, exceed the total groundwater resource.

True

False

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QUESTION 22

The term "ground water mining" refers to

the use of ground water to mine minerals.

the removal of overlying rock to reach ground water.

the excavation of tunnels to reach ground water.

the removal of ground water at a rate faster than that at which it can be replaced.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 23

Which of the following is not considered precipitation in all climates?

snow

fog

rain

sleet

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QUESTION 24

Which of the following is a potential consequence of ground water mining?

land subsidence and cracked building foundations

compression of the aquifer, resulting in a permanent loss of water storage capacity

salt water intrusion

all of the above

0.1 points   

QUESTION 25

Soil moisture that plants are capable of accessing and using is called

available water.

hygroscopic water.

gravitational water.

wilting point water.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 26

Approximately what percent of the U.S. population derives a portion of its fresh water from groundwater sources?

50 percent

30 percent

10 percent

90 percent

0.1 points   

QUESTION 27

A water-bearing rock stratum is called a/an

aquifer.

water table.

aquiclude.

zone of aeration.

0.1 points   

QUESTION 28

Which of the following is true regarding groundwater?

When polluted, it is actually easier to clean up than is surface water.

It is unlimited when compared with the amount of surface water supplies.

The total amount of groundwater has been reduced by the mining of water.

In terms of total amount, it is second to streams in the United States.

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QUESTION 29

Abnormally high cancer rates have occurred in the New Orleans area because of the contamination of the Mississippi River.

True

False

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QUESTION 30

Which of the following is a potential source of ground water pollution?

septic tanks

pesticides and fertilizers

dumps

all of these

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QUESTION 31

Which of the following is the most directly useful for estimating stream flow?

actual evapotranspiration

soil moisture storage

potential evapotranspiration

runoff

0.1 points   

QUESTION 32

Soil moisture deficits are frequently overcome by irrigation in the arid and semi-arid agricultural regions of the world.

True

False

0.1 points   

QUESTION 33

Water could be pumped faster from a geologic unit composed of sand than from one composed of clay.

True

False

0.1 points   

QUESTION 34

Precipitation that reaches Earth's surface penetrates the soil surface through the process of

infiltration.

percolation.

interception and throughfall.

throughfall.

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QUESTION 35

Water drains more easily from a sandy soil than from a clay soil.

True

False

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QUESTION 36

Precipitation normally includes rain, sleet, snow, dew, clouds, and fog.

True

False

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QUESTION 37

Which of the following accurately describes annual groundwater withdrawal in the United States?

The amount withdrawn is equal to river discharges in the U.S.

The percentage of withdrawals in the U.S. and Canada are about the same.

Groundwater pumping is presently not exceeding water recharge rates.

Withdrawals increased 160 percent between 1950 and 1990.

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QUESTION 38

Ground water pollution that our generation creates will not be a problem in the future (decades to centuries) because it is easy to clean an aquifer once it is polluted.

True

False

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QUESTION 39

Which of the following would decrease the rate at which evapotranspiration occurs?

increased temperatures

increased wind speed

increased humidity

increased water availability

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QUESTION 40

Precipitation normally refers to

the actual evapotranspiration amount.

rain, sleet, snow, and hail.

the moisture demand in the water balance.

all forms of moisture–including fog.

received much of its water from melting glaciers in the past.

averages about 30 inches of rain per year.

is not Earth's largest aquifer.

was not heavily mined until the 1960s.

Explanation / Answer

1)option a)

2) a)

3) a

4) d

5)d

6)true

7)c

8)b

9)d

10)a

11)d

12)a

13)d

14)a

15)b

16)b

17)e)

18)d

19)b

20)false

21)true

22)a

23)b

24)d

25)a

26)a

27)a

28)c

29)true

30)d

31)d

32)falase

33)true

34)a

35)true

36)false

37)d

38)false

39)c

40)b

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