After a natural disaster or an infectious disease outbreak, immunizations are ne

Question

After a natural disaster or an infectious disease outbreak, immunizations are necessary to reduce the risk of infection. This is because immunizations work with the body’s natural defenses to help the body safely develop immunity to a potentially life threatening disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has established protocols to initiate mass immunizations to reduce the risk and spread of infectious diseases.Consider the CDC’s public health response to an infectious disease outbreak in the aftermath of a hurricane Using the readings for this week and the Internet, respond to the following:

What is the CDC’s procedure for mass immunizations that are necessary for certain types of infectious outbreaks such as influenza, mumps, and tetanus? How does the CDC communicate information on mass immunization clinics to the public? What is the procedure for establishing a mass immunization clinic for tetanus in the aftermath of a hurricane because of the likelihood of injuries during the cleanup? Is this similar to the protocol established for influenza? Compare the two protocols. What are some of the controversies surrounding such vaccinations?

Explanation / Answer

To facilitate the most efficient and safe delivery of available vaccine via large community clinics, these recommendations and guidelines have been developed to assist with planning large-scale influenza vaccination clinics by public and private vaccination groups. Ideally, plans from private and public groups should be shared to identify best practices, avoid unnecessary overlapping of services, and maximize the effective and efficient delivery of influenza vaccinations.

1. Leadership Roles

2. Human Resource Needs

3. Vaccination Clinic Location

4. Clinic Lay-Out and Specifications

5. Crowd Management Outside of the Clinic

6. Crowd Management Inside of the Clinic

7. Clinic Security

8. Clinic Advertising

Recognize that scheduling may be overwhelmed and therefore not be maintainable or able to meet clients’ needs during a time of severe vaccine shortage; direct clients to other facilities as required

High-volume influenza vaccination clinic with 1) screening area with screeners outside the clinic area to determine high-risk patients to enter the clinic or not high-risk to exit. 2) A client waiting area for education and communication is at the clinic entrance. Staff greet and guide clients. 3) Registration and form completion area with multiple stations consist of tables and chairs for filling out forms. Medical and other staff are available to answer questions. 4) Next station is for payment, Medicare, or insurance. 5) Staff directs clients to vaccination lines. 6) Staff directs clients to vaccination tables. 7) Vaccinators and assistants are at each station. 8) A designated area for vaccine preparation and storage 9) Staff directs vaccinated clients to exit.

Vaccine Storage, Handling, and Administration
1. Vaccine Storage and Handling

2. Vaccine Administration
Staff Education Improper administration of vaccines may result in injuries or prevent the vaccines from providing optimal protection. All personnel who will administer vaccines should receive comprehensive, competency-based training regarding vaccine administration policies and procedures before administering vaccines. Validate staff’s knowledge and skills regarding vaccine administration.

Patient Screening for contraindications and precautions

Vaccine preparation

Vaccine administration

Observation after vaccination

Comforting techniques for children during and after vaccination

3. Documenting Vaccines Administered and Use of Immunization Information Systems

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