lso be 14. As well as being important for antimicrobial therapy a number of anti
ID: 255322 • Letter: L
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lso be 14. As well as being important for antimicrobial therapy a number of antibiotics can a exploited for use in scientific research. Below are a list of common antibiotics and their mechanism of action: Answer (see below) Antibiotic Inhibitory Action Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Inhibits the transfer of amino acids Inhibits release of the final polypeptide from the final tRNA Streptomycin Blocks tRNAmet from binding to the ribosome Tetracyclin Blocks all tRNAs from binding to the ribosome Assuming that you are a researcher studying the process of translation, which antibiotic would you use in the circumstances below? (Place the appropriate letter in the empty "Answers" column above. (4pts) *Use each only once, so choose the BEST answer A. You want to block the A-site of the ribosome. B. You want to block the P-site of the ribosome. C. If you use this antibiotic, the polypeptide chain would never grow beyond the initiation Methionine. The use of this antibiotic would render every assembled ribosome incapable of synthesizing more than one polypeptide. D.Explanation / Answer
Chloramphenicol - Option C; If you use this antibiotic, the polypeptide will nver grow beyond the initiation Methionine. Chloramphenicol prevents protein chain elongation by inhibiting the peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome. Hence, only the initiation will occur at A-site by methionine and the polypetide chain will not grow further.
Erythromycin- Option B; You want to block the P-site of ribosome. Erythromycin binds to the 23S rRNA component of the 50S ribosome and interferes with the assembly of 50S subunits, thereby preventing elongation at the transpeptidation step of synthesis by blocking the 50S polypeptide export tunnel.
Streptomycin- Option D; The use of this antibiotic would render very assembled ribosome incapable of synthesizing more than one polypeptide.
Tetracycline - Option A; You want to block the A-site of the ribosome. Tetracyclines inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit of ribosomes. They inhibit the binding of the amino-acyl-tRNA to the acceptor site of the mRNA-ribosome complex, which stops protein synthesis by preventing addition of amino acids to the growing peptide.
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