Center-surround receptive fields of bipolar cells are explained by: A. horizonta

Question

Center-surround receptive fields of bipolar cells are explained by:

A. horizontal cells from the surround receptive field release GABA onto a photoreceptor in the center of the receptive field

B. photoreceptors in the surround receptive field release GABA onto bipolar cells while photoreceptors in the center of receptive field release glutamate onto bipolar cells

C. photoreceptors in the center are always cones while photoreceptors in the surround are always rods

D. none of the above, bipolar cells do not have center-surround receptive fields

Explanation / Answer

Ans.

Glutamate is the major neurotransmitter in the center surround receptive fields in bipolar cells.Photoreceptors take the signal in form of light which are sent to bipolar cells and from them to retinal ganglion cells (RGC's) .This affects the firing of the cells.AT On Center glutamate hyperpolarization occurs and off center glutamate depolarization occurs.

The horizontal cells receive input from one or more photoreceptors and contact bipolar cells that are innervated directly by other photoreceptors. They release an inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, in a graded fashion in response to depolarization by the photoreceptor(s). GABA hyperpolarizes the bipolar cells onto which it is released, causing them,in turn, to release less glutamate onto the ganglion cell(s) which they contact.

In the above question the answer can be A option

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