Starting with 32 bacterial cells in a rich nutrient medium, with a one hour lag

Question

Starting with 32 bacterial cells in a rich nutrient medium, with a one hour lag phase and a 20 minute generation time, how many cells would there be after one hour? How many cells would there be after a total of five hours? (4 pts) Remember: N 32. Total Elapsed Time No x 2h (show your work neatly in the box below) 1 hour cells 5 hours- cells 33. What is the function of increased pressure when sterilizing material in an autoclave? (1 pt) 34. Why would one use dry heat sterilization instead of moist heat sterilization (i.e, autoclave)? (1 pt) 35. Answer the following regarding the transport process of 'Group Translocation'. (3 pts) a) What is the energy source the powers Group Translocation? b) How is the substrate that is transferred and released into the cell different from the substrate outside the cell before transport? c) Name one type of molecule that is brought into the cell by Group Translocation.

Explanation / Answer

32) since the lag period is 1 hr so after 1 hr the cell no will be the same i.e. 32 cells.

after total 5 hr the cell no will be.

we have 4 hrs with 20 minutes of generation time means we have 12 generation.

so Nt = 32 * (2)12 = 32 * 4096 = 131072 cells.

33) water boils when its vapor pressure equals that of the surrounding atmosphere. When the pressure applied in the closed vessel increases, the temperature at which water boils also increases and instead of 100 degrees it boils at 121 degrees which will kill the most resistant form of bacterial endospores.

34) sometimes few instruments need to be sterilized before use and they can't sterilize with autoclave due to rusting and damage because of moisture. so dry sterilization is required.

11) maximum probable number is the best technique.

13) all of the above are true.

14) option C. a single colony may have arisen from more than one bacterial cell.

15) slope of the linear portion of the line. option C.

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