a) Transmission of the causative agent to a susceptible host and adherence of th
ID: 258502 • Letter: A
Question
a) Transmission of the causative agent to a susceptible host and adherence of the agent to a target tissue b) Damage to the host by the activities of toxins or other mechanisms c) Exit from the host and survived long enough for steps to occur d) ALL of the above proteins found in strains of Streptococcus pyogenes inactivate the C3a complement component interfering with opsonization. a) Fc receptors b) M proteins c) A proteins d) IgA antibodies 15- A type of symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from the relationship is called a) Commensalism b) Mutualism c) Parasitism d) All of the above 16 factors aid the organism in the process of causing infection. These include enzymes, pili for attachment and tissue degrading factors. a) Disease b) Virulence c) Cosmic d) All of the above 17-Certain strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae can avoid destruction by host IgA antibodies a) Acquiring a capsule b) Destroying the C3a complement component c) Rapid turnover of the pili that binds to the antibody d) All of the above 18- True or False A condition of high viral count in the blood stream is known as Viremia. 19- True or False In a localized infection, the microbe is spreading throughout the body 20- True or False A disease like chicken pox is highly communicable. B. Constructed responses 1- List and describe four types of exotoxins used by pathogens to damage the host. 2- Explain what is meant by pathogenesis of disease. 3- List and explain Robert Koch's four criteria needed to establish a relationship betw art organism and disease.Explanation / Answer
14. Certain species of Streptococcus pyogenes produce a virulence factor known as M protein that is anti-phagocytic in nature. M protein binds to factor H present in the serum, and this result in the destruction of C3-convertase enzyme thereby preventing C3b mediated opsonization process. So, the correct option is option B, M proteins.
15. Symbiosis is an interaction between two or more different organism species. Symbiotic interaction can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. A type of symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from the relationship is called mutualism. So, the correct option is option B, Mutualism.
16. For causing an infection, an organism produces certain molecules or factors such as enzymes, pili for attachment, and tissue degrading factors etc. These molecules that help an organism to cause infection are known as virulence factors. So, the correct option is option B, Virulence.
17. Neisseria gonorrhoeae avoids destruction by host IgA antibodies by producing IgA proteases that cleave IgA antibodies and by rapid turnover of the pili that binds to the antibody. So, the correct option is option C, Rapid turnover of the pili that binds to the antibody.
18. Viremia is a condition for the presence of viruses in the bloodstream. So, the statement that a condition of high viral count in the blood stream is known as viremia is TRUE.
19. When a microbe is spread throughout the body it is known as a generalized infection. So, the statement that in a localized infection, the microbe is spreading throughout the body is FALSE.
20. Chicken pox is caused by Varicella zoster virus. The infection is highly contagious and is spread by direct person to person contact and inhalation of aerosols that are generated from skin lesions. So, the statement that a disease like chicken pox is highly communicable is TRUE.
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