B cell: Immunoglobulin /Antibody, 18)Explain the differences between B and T cel
ID: 260263 • Letter: B
Question
B cell: Immunoglobulin /Antibody, 18)Explain the differences between B and T cells in terms of how they recognize antigens. een B cells and Plasma cells. 20)What are the functions of antibodies? 21)Describe the main classes of antibodies described in mammal systems and what are the major structural differences among them? 22)In the context of BCR, what are hypervariable regions? 23)What is an antigen epitope? 24)What is the difference between linear and discontinuous epitope? 25) Explain the different mechanisms by which B cells could get activated?Explanation / Answer
18) B cells produce and secrete antibodies, which activate the immune system to destroy the pathogens.
The difference between T cells and B cells: T cells only recognize viral antigens outside the infected cells while B cells recognize the surface antigens of bacteria and viruses.
19) Plasma cells produce a single type of antibody, whereas B cell is specific to a single antigen, but each cell produces several thousand matching antibodies per second.
Plasma cells secrete antigens instantly upon reinfection, whereas B cells do so after the restimulation by specific antigens.
Affinities of plasma cells B cells receptors are higher than memory B cells, therefore memory B cells form, when affinity for its receptors are low.
20) Antibodies play an essential role in the immune system.
Antibodies have many functions:
21) Antibodies are classified into five main classes IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM in mammals.
They are differentiated by the type of heavy chain. IgG molecules have ?-chains heavy chains, IgMs have ?-chains, IgAs have ?-chains, IgEs have ?-chains and IgDs have ?-chains.
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