Q1. Which of the following is/are true of glycolysis? (Select ALL that apply.) 1
ID: 260580 • Letter: Q
Question
Q1.
Which of the following is/are true of glycolysis?
(Select ALL that apply.)
1. It does not produce ATP or NADH.
2. It converts glucose to pyruvate.
3. It produces CO2
4. It requires oxygen
5. It occurs inside the mitochondria.
Q2.
Which of the following is/are true of the citric acid cycle?
(Select ALL that apply.)
1. It occurs in mitochondrial matrix
2. Pyruvate directly feeds into the citric acid cycle
3. It occurs in the cytoplasm.
4. It transfers electrons from acetyl-CoA to the universal electron acceptors NAD+ and FAD.
5. It sequentially oxidizes acetyl-CoA into CO2.
6. It requires oxygen.
Q3.
Select ALL that apply to the physical components of the electron transport chain:
1. The proteins that make up the ETC contain iron sulfur clusters and heme groups that act as electron carriers.
2. The proteins that make up the ETC are primarily free floating in the mitochondrial matrix.
3. The proteins that make up the ETC are transmembrane proteins.
4. Some of the proteins that make up the ETC are responsible for pumping protons from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix.
Q4.
To confirm Boyer’s “binding change model” for the ATP synthase, the F1 subunit was removed from the inner mitochondrial membrane and attached upside down to a glass slide (such that the ? and ? subunits were directly attached to the glass slide, and the ?-rotor was pointing straight up). A fluorescently-labeled actin filament was then attached to the ?-rotor to allow observation of its rotation in the microscope, as shown below. Prior to adding ATP, no movement was observed.
Part 1. What do you expect to observe after a full cycle of the labelled actin filament, assuming each active site goes through the three binding states?
Select ONE option:
1. synthesis of one molecule of ATP
2. hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP
3. synthesis of three molecules of ATP
4. hydrolysis of three molecules of ATP
Q5.
A single ATP synthase is capable of generating about 30 ATP molecules for every 100 protons that flow through its F0 complex. If we isolated a mutant ATP synthase in which one of its three beta-subunits could not bind ADP, how many ATP molecules would this mutant be expected to generate for every 100 protons that flow through it?
Select ONE option:
A. 30 ATP molecules
B. 20 ATP molecules
C. 10 ATP molecules
D. 0 ATP molecules
Explanation / Answer
1) Option 2 is the correct answer.
Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in cytoplasm. It is an anerobic process and does not require oxygen to function. The net result of Glycolysis is 2 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 Pyruvate molecules from one molecule of glucose.
2) Options 1, 4, 5 and 6 are correct answers.
Kreb's cycle or Citric acid cycle is a part of aerobic cellular respiration. It occurs in mitochondrial matrix. Pyruvate from Glycolysis is converted to Acetyl-coA in an intermediate reaction which is then fed into kreb's cycle. 2 CO2 molecules are released for each molecule of Acetyl-CoA that undergoes through kreb's cycle. The electrons from Acetyl CoA are transferred to NADH and FADH2 which are further reduced in Electron Transport Chain to produce ATP.
3) Options 1, 3 and 4 are correct answers.
ETC occurs in inner mitochondrial membrane. The complexes involved in ETc are transmembrane proteins of inner mitochondrial membrane and contain iron-sulfur clusters along with heme group that serve to reduce NADH and FADH2 and utilize the protons from them to create a chemiosmotic proton gradient acroos the inter-membrane space of mitochondria. This gradient drives the synthesis of ATP through ATP synthase.
4) Option 2 is the correct answer.
To synthesize ATP the Fo– motor translocates H+ , or in some species Na+ ions, across the membrane at the expense of a nonequilibrium electrochemical potential as a means to drive rotation of a ring of c-subunits relative to subunit-a. Conversely, the F1 motor can hydrolyze ATP via a mechanism that alternates successively between its three catalytic sites to drive counterclockwise (CCW) rotation in a manner that forces the Fo motor to pump protons to the periplasm. Full cycle of Actin filament is an ATP hydrolysis-dependent step.
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