I don\'t know these. helppppppp 32. Erythritol, a natural sugar abundant in frui

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I don't know these. helppppppp

32. Erythritol, a natural sugar abundant in fruits and fermenting foods, is about 65 percent as sweet as table sugar and has less calories. It is "tooth friendly" and generally devoid of negative side effects as a human consumable about 95 percent l strains that catabolize erythritol contain four closely spaced genes, all involved in erythritol One of the four genes (eryDl encodes a product that represses the expression of the other three genes Erythritol catabolism is stimulated by erythritol Negatively regulated by a repressor protein; gene expression is induced by the presence of erythritol . Negatively regulated by a repressor protein, gene expression is repressed by the presence of erythritol ? Positively regulated by an activator protein, gene expression is induced by the presence of eryth to .Positively regulated by an activator protein; gene expression is repressed by the presence of erythritol 33. Assume that the structural genes of the loc operon have been fused, through recombinant DNA techniques, to the regulatory apparatus of the ara operon. if arabinose is provided in a minimal medium to E. coli carrying this gene fusion, would you expect B-galactosidase to be produced at induced levels? Why? A. ? galactosidase would not be produced because lactose is necessary for transcription of the lac structural genes. B. B-galactosidase would be produced because in the presence of arabinose, the lac structural genes would be c. D. ßgalactosidase would be produced, as the absence of lactose induces transcription of thela structural genes. ?-galactosidase would not be transcribed because arabinose inhibits transcription of the lac structural genes 34. Which process seems to be the most similar between eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene regulation? A. Intron/exo shuffling B. Poly [A) tail addition D. E. RNA splicing regulation 5'-capping regulation 35. Considering the location of genes in the interphase nucleus, certain chromosomal territories appear to exist. Specifically A. 8. C. D. Gene-poor regions of chromosomes are located outside the nucleus, whereas gene-rich as located in territories Large chromosomes are more likely to be located in the center of the nucleus Each chromosome appears to occupy a discrete domain Large chromosomes are more likely to have active gene expression and therefore are located at the periphery of the nucleus Small chromosomes are more likely to be lost so are congregated in the center of the nucleus E. 36. HDACs are enzymes which reduce the levels of histone acetylation and thus A. Increase B. Decrease C. Do not affect 37. How do nucleosomes affect transcription? A. With closed chromatin, they enhance transcription by acting as binding sites for TFID B, with closed chromatin, they enhance transcription by acting as binding sites for RNA polymerase I c with closed chromatin, they prevent transcription by blocking DNA so that transcription factors cannot g et to the D N D. with closed chromatin, they prevent transcription by degrading RNA as soon as it starts to be transcribed E. They do not have any effect on transcription 3B. Describe the manner in which activators and repressors influence the rate of transcription initiation. A. Activators and repressors change the relationship of DNA Pol III to the chromatin remodeling complex. 8. Activators and repressors change the relationship of RNA Pol II to the transcription complex. C. Activators and repressors change the relationship of nucleosomes and the DNA strand. D. Activators and repressors modify histones and change the nucleosome composition E. Activators and repressors change the relationship of DNA Pol I to the transcription factors.

Explanation / Answer

34) transcriptional regulations seems to be the most similar between prokarytic and eukaryotic gene regulation.

36) HDACs are enzymes which reduce the level of histone acetylation and thus transcription is decreased.

37) Nucleosomes affect transcription as with closed chromatin they prevent transcription by blocking DNA so that transcription factors cannot get to the DNA.

38) Activators and repressors change the relationship of the RNA pol II to the transcription complex.

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