True or False: Microbes taken up by phagocytosis are cleared using reactive oxyg

Question

True or False: Microbes taken up by phagocytosis are cleared using reactive oxygen species (ROS) or lytic enzymes, never both.

Which of the following is an example of directed evolution?

A. Protoplast fusion

B. UV irradiation

C. Site-directed mutagenesis

D. All of the Above

A direct ELISA ________.

A. detects the presence of a pathogen in the patient by looking for the presence of patient-derived antibodies against that pathogen

B. involves coating the plate with a known antigen first

C. involves coating the plate with a known antibody first to detect protein of the pathogen in the patient

D. A and B

Explanation / Answer

Answer for question number 1 : The given statement is False. Beacuse macrophages (which are professional antigen presenting cells and also phagocytic cells) uses both mechanisms to kill an ingested pathogen. There are two mechanisms such oxygen dependent mechanism of killing, which kills by producing reactive species such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

The another mechanism is oxygen independent killing, which in vilves the killing of ingested pathogen by producing hydrolytic enzymes, defensins, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, lysozyme et.,

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