uds peutn): anlswer any THREE questions, keep your answers brief and complete. 1

Question

uds peutn): anlswer any THREE questions, keep your answers brief and complete. 1. (a) Compare and describe the difference of gene structures in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (b) How would such difference effect the gene expression (transcription and translation) regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? 2. The amount and/or activity of protein products produced in cells can be regulated at various stages of gene expression. Use examples to describe how it works at EACH of the following stages, respectively (a) transcriptional level; (b) posttranscriptional level; (c) translational level; and (d) posttranslational level

Explanation / Answer

Answer 1 a] Comparison of difference of gene structures in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

3.Eukaryotic post transcriptional processing also adds a 5'cap to the start of mRNA.

Eukaryotic gene structure prokaryotic gene structure 1. Transcripts are typically subdivided into exon and intron region. 1.prokaryotic ORFs are often grouped into a polycistronic operon. 2.Exon regions are retained in the final mature mRNA molecule,while intron regions are spliced out during post transcriptional processing 2.Each ORF has its own ribosome binding site

3.Eukaryotic post transcriptional processing also adds a 5'cap to the start of mRNA.

3.trancription factors binds to the specific DNA sequences upstream of the start of operon 4.Eukaryotic post transcriptional processing also adds poly-adenosine tail to the end of the mRNA.these additions stabilise mRNA and directs its transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm 4.Transcribed mRNA is directly translated by ribosomes.

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