Chloroplasts have their own simple structured chromosomal genome termed chloropl

Question

Chloroplasts have their own simple structured chromosomal genome termed chloroplast DNA or cpDNA. The small number of protein products encoded by cpDNA genes play functional roles in two essential cellular processes in the plant. Describe these two essential cellular processes that cpDNA-encoded proteins function in.Chloroplasts have their own simple structured chromosomal genome termed chloroplast DNA or cpDNA. The small number of protein products encoded by cpDNA genes play functional roles in two essential cellular processes in the plant. Describe these two essential cellular processes that cpDNA-encoded proteins function in.

Explanation / Answer

cpDNA encodes proteins essential for photosynthesis and regulation of gene expression. As we know, chloroplast is the main cell organalle involved in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires many proteins which is encoded by nuclear DNA and chloroplast DNA both. Although most of the proteins are encoded by nuclear DNA but still there are some essential proteins for photosynthesis which are synthesized by cpDNA. cpDNA also encodes many proteins which act as factors for gene expression within chloroplast.

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