QUESTION 1 A gene encodes for a protein called Transthyretin which in its active

Question

QUESTION 1 A gene encodes for a protein called Transthyretin which in its active form is made up of four identical polypeptides subunits. The DNA is transcribed into mRNA. The ribosome then translates the mRNA into protein. A) Describe the monomers that make up a protein, and what elements make up this monomer. B) Describe the type of reaction that takes place to build a protein from a single m C) Describe the four different levels of protein structure that would make up the protein Transthyretin. T T T Arial ?T··-·-·?.ocs| 3(12pt) ?

Explanation / Answer

It is given that the given protein, Transthyretin is a homotetramer.

i. Since it is a homotetramer, a single gene codes for the monomers. The mRNA encodes amino acids present in the monomer (primary structure). During translation, mRNA is read by ribosomes and tRNA to produce the monomer.

ii. An oligomeric protein can be formed by the association of two or more monomers. The interaction bonds can be hydrophobic, ionic or covalent. Most of the subunits bind to each other by disulfide linkages.

iii. Four different levels of protein structure:

a. Primary structure: Amino acid sequence

b. Secondary structure: Local organization of amino acids

c. Tertiary structure: Three-dimensional organization of the polypeptide chain

d. Quaternary structure: interaction of different monomers to generate an oligomeric protein.

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